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1、 Unit 1 Festivals around the World Section VI Grammar —Modal Verbs 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義和用法。 學(xué)習(xí)過程 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)—預(yù)習(xí)探究 一 我的觀察 下文是學(xué)校的一些規(guī)定，你能搞清楚，哪些事可以做，哪些事不能做嗎？ Students mustn’t leave the campus at school hours, so we have to have lunch at school. However, we don’t have to bring your lunch-boxes because

2、we have a dining hall inside the school. We ought to be tidy and orderly there, but luckily for us, we needn’t wash up after dinner. 二 我的發(fā)現(xiàn): 請(qǐng)你寫出我們本單元要學(xué)習(xí)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的漢語(yǔ)意思。 ought to ought not to have to don’t have to mustn’t needn’t

3、 三 我的講解 1. must和mustn’t 1）must表示“必須”，是一種語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)的要求。否定式must not(mustn't)表示 “不準(zhǔn)”,“禁止”等。在回答帶有must的問句時(shí)，否定式常用need not(needn't)或don't have to 表示“不必”，而不用must not (mustn't)。 —Must I be home before eight o'clock? —Yes, you must./No, you needn't./No, you don't have to. 2）must表推測(cè)， ①一般只用于肯定句中，表示“一定”，“

4、必定”。 You must be very tired after such a long walk. ②表示對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)，用"must+完成時(shí)"。 You must have left your umbrella in the theatre. ③當(dāng)must表推測(cè)之意時(shí)，其否定形式常用can not而不用must not。 His car is still here. He can’t have left ④ 如果表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測(cè)，就用"must+進(jìn)行時(shí)"。 Dad is always an early bird. He must be taking his

5、usual morning exercise in the park now. 3）must表必然性 You must catch cold if you don't put on more clothes.。 4) must 表示“一定要（語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)的邀請(qǐng)）” 和“非得（嫌棄對(duì)方固執(zhí)）” You must stay for dinner. Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 2. have to 和 don’t have to/needn’t 1) have to表示“必須”，“不得不”，在這

6、個(gè)意義上與must很接近，但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而have to 表示的卻是客觀需要。 You have to work hard to make a living. You must do what I tell you. 2）have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式：現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過去時(shí)，將來時(shí)等，而must只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式。 We had to be there at 8:00. I shall have to go to school tomorrow.。 3）don’t have to 表示“不必”，“不一定要”, 意思是說某事可以做也可以不做，在這個(gè)意思

7、上needn’t 則表示根本沒必要做。 You don’t have to win all the matches to be a top club. We will do a thorough cleaning to the house but we needn’t clean the roof. 3. ought to/ ought not to 1）ought沒有人稱或時(shí)態(tài)的變化，后跟帶to的不定式。常譯作“應(yīng)該”，“應(yīng)當(dāng)”等，和should同義，只是口氣稍重一些。其否定式為ought not to (oughtn't to )，疑問式為Ought I /you to…?

8、 Such things ought not to be done. 2）表可能性,意思是“按常理會(huì)應(yīng)該… ” Mary ought to be home by now. 3）表示沒有履行過去的義務(wù)時(shí)，用“ought to +完成時(shí)。 You ought to have told me about this earlier. (But you didn't) 四 我的練習(xí) 一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞填空 1. Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. 2.

9、 Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. 3. You ______ park here! It’s an emergency exit. 4. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to. 5. We _______ respect the old and take care of the young; this is traditional Chinese virtue. 6. All the deal lines ______ be closely followed, or the whole project will be delayed. 7. The boss ______ ignore the health of the workers. We have got to talk to him about that. 8. Without any one helping him, he will ______ do the work all by himself. 微課鏈接: 二、 學(xué)習(xí)反思 3