The Third Period Language Study Teaching goals 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. Target language目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言： Grammar: Present Perfect Continuous Tense 2. Ability goals能力目標(biāo) Enable the students to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense. 3. Learning ability goals 學(xué)能目標(biāo) Help the students lean how to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense. Teaching important & difficult points教學(xué)重難點(diǎn) How to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense. Teaching methods教學(xué)方法 Explanation and practice Teaching aids教具準(zhǔn)備 A computer and a projector, a blackboard Teaching procedures & ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方法 Step I Revision Check the students’ homework and let one read their work. Step II Lead-in Ask the Ss to point out the sentences that contain the structure as “We have been excavating here for many years” in the text. Step III Explanation 一、結(jié)構(gòu)形式 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞have(has) + been+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。 二、基本用法 1. 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)還在進(jìn)行，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。它通常和“for+段時(shí)間”或“since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間(也可以是從句)”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如： I have been waiting for a letter from my parents.　我一直在等我父母的來(lái)信。 It has been raining for three hours.　 雨已經(jīng)下了三個(gè)小時(shí)了。 We have been studying here since 2004. 自從2004年以來(lái)，我們一直在這里學(xué)習(xí)。 2. 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)刻，可能剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。例如： She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired. 她一整天都在掃大街。她太累了。 We have been waiting for you for two hours. We don't want to wait any longer. 我們已經(jīng)等你兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。不想再等了。 三、常用句型 1. 肯定句：“主語(yǔ)+have(has) been+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他.”例如： I have been sitting here all the afternoon.　 我在這兒坐了一下午。 He has been collecting all kinds of stamps since he was ten years old. 自十歲起他就開(kāi)始收集各式各樣的郵票。 2. 否定句：“主語(yǔ)+have(has) not been+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他.”例如： They haven't been meeting each other for five years. 他們有五年沒(méi)見(jiàn)面了。 He hasn't been teaching here these years.　 這些年他并沒(méi)有一直在這兒教書(shū)。 3. 一般疑問(wèn)句：“Have(Has) + 主語(yǔ) + been + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞？”其肯定回答：“Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have(has).”否定回答：“No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't (hasn't).” 【例如】： — Have you been studying for the English test today? 你今天一直在準(zhǔn)備英語(yǔ)測(cè)試嗎？ — Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. 是的。 / 不，我沒(méi)有。 — Has Daniel been skating for two years?　 丹尼爾滑冰已經(jīng)有兩年了嗎？ — Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. 是的。/ 不，他沒(méi)有。 4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：“ 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句？” 【例如】： What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什么書(shū)？ How has your uncle been getting on with his work?　 你叔叔的工作進(jìn)展得怎么樣？ 四、注意事項(xiàng) 有些不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞，如be, have, like, love, know, see, hear等，同樣也不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，而應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如： The poor woman has been ill for a long time. 那可憐的婦人已經(jīng)病了好久了。 Have you seen her parents these days?　這些天你看見(jiàn)她的父母了嗎？ 時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比 1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較： 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)只指目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。試比較： Susan has been reading that storybook since last night. 從昨晚開(kāi)始蘇珊就一直在看那本故事書(shū)。 Susan is reading a storybook now. 蘇珊正在看一本故事書(shū)。 2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)比較： ⑴有些動(dòng)詞(如：work, study, live, teach等)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)的意思差不多。試比較： The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years. 十年來(lái)，那位老師一直在這所學(xué)校教書(shū)。 The teacher has taught at this school for ten years. 那位老師在這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)教了十年書(shū)了。 ⑵英語(yǔ)中的多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同的含義?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)如果不帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，就只能表示動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)。試比較： They have built a new lab. 他們建造了一幢新的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。(表示動(dòng)作的完成) They have been building a new lab (these years). 他們(這幾年)一直在建造一幢新的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。(無(wú)論用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)還是不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，都表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)) Step IV Practice （Using Structures in Workbook） 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. How long have you been 　　　 here? 　A. stood　　　　B. to stand 　C. standing　　　D. stands 2. The student has been 　　　 the novel since he finished school. 　A. wrote　　　　B. writing 　C. written　　　 D. writes 3. — Hi, David! Are you tired? 　　— Yes, I am tired. I 　　　 the classrooms for 4 hours. 　　A. am cleaning　　　　　B. was cleaning 　　C. have been cleaning　　　　D. had cleaned 4. Where have you been? We 　　　　 you everywhere. 　　A. have been looking for 　　B. has looked for 　　C. had looked for 　　D. has been looking for 5. — It 　　 for nearly a week. Will it last long? 　 — No, it's reported that we'll have a fine weekend. 　A. have rained　 B. has been raining 　C. rains　　 D. rained 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. He has been watching the interesting play for two hours. (改為否定句) He 　　　 　　　 watching the interesting play for two hours. 2. I have been learning English for two years. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答) — 　　　 you 　　　 learning English for two years? — No, I 　　　. 3. My brother has been collecting stamps for five years. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 　　　 has your brother been 　　　 for five years? 4. The boy has been listening to the music videos since he was eight years old. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 　　　 　　　 has the boy been listening to the music videos? 5. She has been working in the hospital for six years. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 　　　 　　　 she been working for six years?　　 Step V Homework Ask the students finish Exercise in Word Study Part. 單位：湖北省荊門市　姓名：李國(guó)　E_mail：liguo619@