考點(diǎn)剖析-動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 例1．Effective measures should be taken to ________ endangered animals to ensure that more species don’t become extinct. A．a(chǎn)dvocate B．reserve C．a(chǎn)ccumulate  D．preserve 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：應(yīng)該采取有效措施保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物，以確保更多的物種不會(huì)滅絕。A. advocate v. 擁護(hù)；B. reserve v. 保留；C. accumulate v. 積累，積聚；D. preserve v. 保護(hù)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處是指保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。故選D。 考點(diǎn)二：“動(dòng)詞+副詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例2．China is working hard to ________the full potential of higher education and will move faster to build world-class universities. A．take in B．set aside C．bring out  D．give away 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：中國(guó)正在努力充分發(fā)揮高等教育的潛力，加快建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)。A. take in吸收；B. set aside擱置；C. bring out使顯現(xiàn)，使特點(diǎn)或品質(zhì)更加突出；D. give away贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)后文“the full potential of higher education”可知，此處指中國(guó)正在努力充分發(fā)揮高等教育的潛力，故選C。 考點(diǎn)三：“動(dòng)詞+介詞+名詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例3．The lake has been there for many years. No one knows exactly how and when it ________. A．came into power      B．came into being C．came into view  D．came into fashion 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)湖在那里已經(jīng)很多年了。沒(méi)有人確切知道它是如何以及何時(shí)產(chǎn)生的。A. came into power掌權(quán)；B. came into being形成，存在；C. came into view進(jìn)入視野；D. came into fashion流行起來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指沒(méi)人確切知道湖是如何以及何時(shí)形成的。故選B。 考點(diǎn)四：“動(dòng)詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例4．—Peter can’t concentrate on his work recently. —Yes, that might________ why he made a big mistake in preparing for the meeting. A．a(chǎn)llow for B．a(chǎn)pply for  C．a(chǎn)ccount for  D．call for 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：——彼得最近不能專注于他的工作?！堑模@也許可以解釋為什么他在準(zhǔn)備會(huì)議時(shí)犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤。A. allow for考慮到；B. apply for申請(qǐng)；C. account for是……的說(shuō)明；D. call for要求。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，所以使用動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“是……的解釋”應(yīng)為account for符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。 考點(diǎn)五：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法辨析 例5．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there? —I knew that he had gone to England. It          be him. A. might   B. could  C. can’t  D. must 【答案】C 【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。 might “可能”，表示不太肯定的推測(cè)；could “可以”，表示建議；can’t “不可能”，表示否定的推測(cè)；must“一定，肯定”，表示肯定的推測(cè)。由“I knew that he had gone to England.”可知，布萊克先生已經(jīng)去了英國(guó)，所以不可能是他。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定推測(cè)應(yīng)用 can’t。句意：——托尼，那是布萊克先生嗎?——我知道他已經(jīng)去了英國(guó)。不可能是他。故答案選 C。 考點(diǎn)六：系動(dòng)詞的用法 例6． —Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what           nice.  —Aha, me too!  A.tastes B. feels        C. looks  D. smells 【答案】C 【解析】考查系動(dòng)詞用法。根據(jù)前一句提示“我的一些朋友喜歡靠視覺(jué)吃飯”可知，此處指他們喜歡點(diǎn)那些“看起來(lái)”好看的食物。 真題演練 1．If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify  C．ignore D．prevent【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們繼續(xù)忽視環(huán)境問(wèn)題，我們遲早會(huì)后悔的。A. highlight突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)；B. identify辨認(rèn)；識(shí)別；C. ignore忽視；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知對(duì)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題我們遲早會(huì)后悔，而這一切都是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的忽視。故選C項(xiàng)。2．Some parents are just too protective. They want to________ their kids from every kind of damage, real or imagined. A．spot B．dismiss  C．shelter D．distinguish 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些父母太過(guò)保護(hù)孩子了。他們想保護(hù)自己的孩子免受各種傷害，不管是真實(shí)的還是想象的。A. spot發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. dismiss解散；C. shelter保護(hù)；D. distinguish區(qū)別。根據(jù)后文“their kids from every kind of damage, real or imagined”指保護(hù)孩子免受傷害，應(yīng)用shelter。故選C。 3．Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years. A．stayed B．turned  C．grown D．got 【答案】A 【解析】考查系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有一些人來(lái)了又走了，但這家餐廳的老顧客已經(jīng)光顧這家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned變成（某種顏色）；C.grown變得；D.got變成。根據(jù)“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，這家餐廳的老顧客已經(jīng)光顧這家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顧客保持40年不變。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some. A．made up for  B．run out of C．kept away from  D．got down to 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我想包餃子，但發(fā)現(xiàn)我的面粉用完了，所以我出去買(mǎi)了一些。A. made up for彌補(bǔ)；B. run out of用完，用盡；C. kept away from遠(yuǎn)離，回避；D. got down to開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做。結(jié)合句意，此處指“用完”了面粉。故選B。 5．As the story________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A．begins B．happens  C．ends D．develops 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意："隨著故事的發(fā)展，這個(gè)神秘?cái)?shù)字的真相漸漸地被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。begin“開(kāi)始；happen“發(fā)生”；end“結(jié)束”；develop“發(fā)展”。由后面題干中的“is slowly discoverd”得出該單詞應(yīng)該是一個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，而ABC選項(xiàng)均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。故選D。 6．If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A．come across B．care about  C．look for D．focus upon 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你想要買(mǎi)的這輛自行車(chē)有瑕疵，但是你仍想買(mǎi)這輛，就讓店員降價(jià)。come across 發(fā)現(xiàn)，碰到；care about 在乎，關(guān)心；look for 尋找；focus upon 集中注意力于。根據(jù)句意可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)了瑕疵，但仍舊想買(mǎi)這兩自行車(chē)，可以請(qǐng)店員降價(jià)。故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。 7．Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. A．judge B．differ  C．withdraw D．benefit 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：亨利·大衛(wèi)·梭羅樂(lè)于從社交生活中抽身出來(lái)，在平靜的生活中尋求與自然的和諧關(guān)系。A. judge判斷；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根據(jù)后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平靜的生活中尋求與自然的和諧關(guān)系，所以他樂(lè)于從社交生活中抽身出來(lái)，withdraw from“離開(kāi)”。故選C。 8．Before leaving America, she _____ much of her furniture to friends and enjoyed letting them have the piece they had liked. A．picked up B．gave away C．put down D．set aside 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在離開(kāi)美國(guó)之前，她把大部分家具都送給了朋友，并樂(lè)意讓她們挑選自己喜歡的那件。A.picked up 撿起;B.gave away 贈(zèng)送;C.put down 放下D.set aside置……于不顧。根據(jù)句意，離開(kāi)美國(guó)之前，她把家具“贈(zèng)送”給朋友。故選B。9．We can't _______buying a new car any longer. The one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning． A．put off B．pick up  C．count on D．bear on【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們不能再推遲買(mǎi)新車(chē)了。我們現(xiàn)有的這輛今天早晨就打不著火。A.put off推遲；B. pick up撿起；C. count on指望；D. bear on對(duì)……施加壓力，使難以承受。根據(jù)下文The one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning 可知，我們現(xiàn)有的這輛車(chē)今天早晨就打不著火，所以不能再“推遲”買(mǎi)新車(chē)了。故選A項(xiàng)。 10．The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A．developed B．established C．observed D．revised 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：老的規(guī)則需要被修改因?yàn)樗鼈冎贿m合一百年前制定時(shí)的狀況。A項(xiàng)表示“培養(yǎng)，發(fā)展”；B項(xiàng)表示“建立”；C項(xiàng)表示“觀察”；D項(xiàng)正是“修改”之意，because they only applied to 可知它只適用于以前，不適用于現(xiàn)在，需要修訂，故選D。 11．As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can ______concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. A．catch sight of B．get hold of C．take charge of D．make mention of 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：作為一名草根歌手，她閱讀能夠找到的關(guān)于音樂(lè)的一切，并且抓住每一個(gè)提高自己的機(jī)會(huì)。A.catch sight of 看見(jiàn)；B. Get hold of找到某物以供使用；C.Take charge of控制；D.make mention of提到。根據(jù)takes every opportunity to improve herself.可知，，她閱讀能夠找到的關(guān)于音樂(lè)的一切，并且抓住每一個(gè)提高自己的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。 12．---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.---- OK, I’ll call back later. A．hang up B．break up  C．give up D．hold up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：—對(duì)不起，我不得不掛斷電話了，上課的時(shí)間到了?！玫模彝硇r(shí)候再打過(guò)來(lái)。A.hang up掛斷電話，使…等候；B.break up分解，關(guān)系破裂；C .give up放棄；D. hold up舉起，堅(jiān)持，搶劫。根據(jù)句意可知前者表示要上課了，必須掛斷電話了。故A正確。 13． Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids. A．settle down B．keep off C．get up D．cut in 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來(lái)，結(jié)婚生子。A. settle down安頓下來(lái)；B. keep off遠(yuǎn)離；C. get up起床；D. cut in插嘴。根據(jù)后文get married, and have kids可推知，是安頓下來(lái)，故選A。 14．Briggs will ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A．get away B．take over C．set off D．run out【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)米切爾退休的時(shí)候，布里格斯將接管總經(jīng)理的位置。when Mitchell retires 這是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用將來(lái)時(shí)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替；A. get away離開(kāi)；B. take over接管；C. set off出發(fā)；D. run out用完，耗盡。根據(jù)句意，故選B。 15．There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time. A．clarify B．justify  C．satisfy D．classify【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類(lèi)，仍然會(huì)有很多挑戰(zhàn)。A. clarify澄清；B. justify證明；C. satisfy 滿足；D. classify分類(lèi)。根據(jù)空后garbage可知，此處指“對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類(lèi)”。故選D。 16．I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him. A．drank a toast to  B．played a joke on C．kept an eye on  D．made an apology to 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我不在的時(shí)候從不擔(dān)心我的兒子，因?yàn)槲夷赣H會(huì)照看他。A. drank a toast to為……干杯；B. played a joke on開(kāi)……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注視；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因?yàn)槟赣H會(huì)“照看”我的兒子，所以“我”不在的時(shí)候從來(lái)不擔(dān)心孩子。C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。 17．We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work. A．take up B．carry out  C．keep on D．put off 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我們不能推遲為公司買(mǎi)一臺(tái)新打印機(jī)。我們現(xiàn)在的那個(gè)不運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。A. take up占據(jù)；B. carry out實(shí)施；C. keep on 繼續(xù)；D. put off推遲。根據(jù)“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我們平時(shí)用的打印機(jī)不運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。所以，我們必須馬上買(mǎi)一臺(tái)新打印機(jī)。即:我們不能“推遲”買(mǎi)打印機(jī)。故選D。 18．We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A．understood B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．compromised D．declined 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們提出Sharon回家，但她拒絕了，說(shuō)她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥協(xié)；D. declined謝絕。根據(jù)“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“謝絕”了我們的提議。故選D。 19．The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs. A．look over B．bring in C．put aside D．knock out 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果能夠證明新技術(shù)能降低生產(chǎn)成本，公司愿意引進(jìn)。A. look over檢查，察看；B. bring in引進(jìn)；C. put aside把……放在一邊，暫不考慮；D. knock out擊倒，打破。根據(jù)“if it can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知，此處指公司引進(jìn)新技術(shù)，故選B。 20．When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually ______ books that offer useful information. A．point to B．turn to  C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．belong to 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)人們想要擴(kuò)展他們的知識(shí)時(shí)，他們通常求助于提供有用信息的書(shū)籍。A. point to指向；B. turn to求助于；C. attend to照顧；D. belong to屬于。由“When people want to expand their knowledge, offer useful information.”可知，turn to“求助于”符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。 21．It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map before you set out.A．study B．display  C．deliver D．publish【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你在一個(gè)陌生的城市開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)很容易迷路，所以在出發(fā)前仔細(xì)看一張好地圖是很重要的。A. study 細(xì)看；B. display展示；C. deliver 投遞；D. publish出版。由“It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city，before you set out”可知，study“細(xì)看”符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。22．A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.A．resembling B．reflecting  C．reviewing D．restoring 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：城市是人類(lèi)的雙手和思想的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顧；D. restoring恢復(fù)。故選B符合語(yǔ)境。 23．More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy. A．take up B．clear up  C．hold up D．spring up 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：為了滿足對(duì)清潔能源的需求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會(huì)被建立起來(lái)。A. take up開(kāi)始從事，占領(lǐng)，開(kāi)始干（工作）；B. clear up整理，收拾，解決（問(wèn)題）；C. hold up（論點(diǎn)、理論等）站得住腳，阻擋，舉起；D. spring up出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)。故選D。24．Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.A．set aside B．take back C．make out D．keep off 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：凱特聽(tīng)到背景中有一個(gè)男人的聲音，但她聽(tīng)不清他在說(shuō)什么。A. set aside存儲(chǔ)，留出；B. take back收回，拿回；C. make out辨認(rèn)出，理解，了解；D. keep off（使）避開(kāi)。根據(jù)but可推知，凱特應(yīng)該是聽(tīng)不清。故選C。25．Working with the medical team in Africa has ____________ the best in her as a doctor.A．held out  B．brought out C．picked out  D．given out 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：與非洲的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，使她成為最佳醫(yī)生。A. held out堅(jiān)持，伸出；B. brought out使顯示；C. picked out挑出；D. given out分發(fā)，用盡。故選B項(xiàng)。26． Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable. A．calls for B．calls on C．calls off D．calls up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：發(fā)展長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一項(xiàng)需要清晰的路線圖和時(shí)間表的系統(tǒng)工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on號(hào)召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故選A。 27． Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see. A．indicate B．investigate C．imitate D．innovate 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：孩子不應(yīng)該接觸暴力電影，因?yàn)樗麄円苍S會(huì)模仿他們所見(jiàn)的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate調(diào)查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故選C。 28． It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer. A．display B．a(chǎn)cquire C．teach D．test 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：他花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才獲得了成為一名優(yōu)秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display顯示；B. acquire獲得；C. teach教；D. test測(cè)試。故選B。29． At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he _______ as she was so confidence about her skills. A．gave in B．dressed up C．broke in D．turned up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：起初，羅伯特不愿讓他女兒去潛水，但最終他讓步了，因?yàn)樗龑?duì)她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，讓步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闖入；打斷；D. turned up出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最終他讓步了。故選A。 30．I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her .A．carry on B．break into C．turn down D．cut off 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我討厭她在上班的時(shí)候給我打電話。我總是太忙了不能和她進(jìn)行談話。A.carry on進(jìn)行；B.break into破門(mén)而入；C.turn down拒絕，聲音調(diào)低；D.cut off切斷。根據(jù)前文說(shuō)我太忙了，所以可知是不能進(jìn)行通話，too...to...，意為“太……而不能……”，故選A。