2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 形容詞和副詞 北師大版 一、復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成 1．副詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞：hardworking勤勞的 2．名詞＋過去分詞：manmade人造的 3．名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞：timeconsuming耗時(shí)的 4．名詞＋形容詞：worldfamous世界聞名的 5．?dāng)?shù)詞＋名詞：fivestar五星級(jí)的 6．?dāng)?shù)詞＋名詞ed：threelegged三條腿的 7．?dāng)?shù)詞＋名詞＋形容詞：fiveyearold 5歲的 8．形容詞＋過去分詞：readymade現(xiàn)成的 9．形容詞＋名詞ed：kindhearted好心的 10．形容詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞：ordinarylooking相貌一般的 二、形容詞的位置 1．形容詞作定語修飾some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，需后置。 2．以able或ble結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于前有最高級(jí)形容詞或only等詞修飾的名詞后面。 3．成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置。 4．當(dāng)“形容詞＋介詞/不定式”構(gòu)成的短語作定語時(shí)，需后置。 5．當(dāng)old，long，high，wide，deep等詞附有數(shù)量詞短語作定語時(shí)，需后置。 三、多個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)的排列順序 常用的順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(these，those)＋數(shù)量形容詞(three)＋描繪性形容詞(beautiful)＋大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體性形容詞(large，long，high)＋新舊(old)＋顏色(red)＋國(guó)籍(Chinese)＋材料(wood)＋用途(writing)＋被修飾名詞(desk)。 四、表語形容詞 表語形容詞(如：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure)并非只能作表語，它們還可以作補(bǔ)足語，有的還可作后置定語(一般不作前置定語)。 五、形容詞還可作狀語：形容詞作狀語表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表達(dá)動(dòng)詞的方式 He lay in bed，wide awake. 六、有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評(píng)注性狀語 Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her. 七、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的一般句式及特殊用法 1．a(chǎn)s＋adj./adv.＋as...；as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...意為“與……一樣……”，其否定式為not so/as＋adj./adv.＋as...(與……不一樣……)。 I haven’t seen so interesting a film as this for years. 多年來我沒有看過像這樣有趣的電影了。 2．程度副詞＋比較級(jí)＋than anyone else/any other＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/all the other＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 3．比較級(jí)的常用修飾語有：far，even，much，still，a little，twice等。 John is far more difficult to get along with than Paul. 4．最高級(jí)的常用修飾語有：easily，nearly，almost，by far，about，ever，the second/third...等。還有one of＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 八、副詞enough的用法 1．enough作副詞，用來修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，要放在所修飾詞的后面，但修飾名詞時(shí)，放在前面或后面都可以。 2．cannot與enough連用，表示“再……也不為過”，這種用法還可用“cannot (never等否定詞)．..too...”表達(dá)。 I can’t thank you enough. 1．—Volunteering is being________popular in China. —Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.(xx福建，23) A．naturally B．successfully C．splendidly D．increasingly 2．Drunk driving，which was once a ________ occurrence，is now under control.(xx福建，32) A．general B．frequent C．normal D．particular 3．It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was ________ journey.(xx上海，26) A．three hour B．a(chǎn) threehours C．a(chǎn) threehour D．three hours 4．I have been convinced that the print media are usually more________and more reliable than television.(xx浙江，6) A．a(chǎn)ccurate B．ridiculous C．urgent D．shallow 5．Father________goes to the gym with us，although he dislikes going there.(xx湖南，22) A．hardly B．seldom C．sometimes D．never 一、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 1．In my opinion，your position is not as interesting as his but yours is ________________(組織地更好) in writing. 2．I have no dreams ________________(除了) to have a happy life. 3．—Sir，do you have any double room ________(可以住的) now? —Just a moment，I will find out. 4．Keeping ________ hours does good to your ________(有規(guī)律地生活對(duì)健康有利)． 5．After a long journey，the three of them went back home，________________________(又累又餓)． 6．The doctor will see you again next week.________ (同時(shí))，you must rest as much as possible. 7．We only had 100 and that was ________________________(遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠) to buy a new puter. 8．The island is ________(同樣地) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1．I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some ________ coffee so I could work ________. A．weak；better B．strong；well C．strong；better D．weak；well 2．—Jim，are you ________ this Saturday? —Oh，sorry.I need to go to the bookshop ________ the bank on Saturday. A．convenient；and B．convenient；as well as C．a(chǎn)vailable；with D．a(chǎn)vailable；as well as 3．After watching the movie Avadar，Mary lay in bed with her eyes ________ open while all her family were ________ asleep. A．widely；soundly B．wider；soundly C．widely；sound D．wide；sound 4．I was ________ with my son about his carelessness，which ________ the main cause of his failure in maths. A．a(chǎn)nnoyed；were B．a(chǎn)mazed；was C．a(chǎn)mazing；were D．a(chǎn)nnoyed；was 5．This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air，soil and water ________ from pollution. A．free B．empty C．loose D．short 6．On snowy days，you have to drive very ________ to avoid traffic accidents. A．cautiously B．neatly C．smoothly D．properly 7．Boris has a good brain.In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has ________ IQ. A．a(chǎn) high B．a(chǎn) higher C．the higher D．the highest 8．Their university is located on a beautiful lake，________ of this developing city. A．southeast thirty miles B．thirty miles southeast C．thirty miles to southeast D．to thirty miles southeast 9．Do you think shopping online will ________ take the place of shopping in stores? A．especially B．frequently C．merely D．finally 10．Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to see one of the ________ regions in the world. A．colder B．coldest C．more coldly D．most coldly 11．The early train is ________ to leave at 5 in the morning. A．possible B．probable C．due D．a(chǎn)vailable 12．The meeting starts at 3 o’clock ________.We have to go now. A．sharp B．exact C．right D．a(chǎn)ccurate 13．Those Tshirts are usually 35 each，but today they have a ________ price of 19 in the shopping center. A．regular B．special C．cheap D．particular 14．A person’s ________ body temperature is about 37℃. A．ordinary B．normal C．mon D．usual 15．The new machine，as is reported in the local newspaper，will work twice as fast，________ greatly reducing costs. A．thus B．a(chǎn)nyhow C．yet D．even 16．I actually prefer to stay up ________ at night，but not when I’m working the next day. A．deeply B．deep C．lately D．late 17．Intelligence doesn’t ________ mean success.You need to work hard as well. A．honestly B．formally C．simply D．necessarily 18．I must be getting fat—I can ________ do my trousers up. A．fairly B．hardly C．nearly D．seldom 19．We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ________. A．badly B．hardly C．strongly D．heavily 答案 形容詞和副詞 感悟高考 1．D　[句意為：——志愿服務(wù)在中國(guó)正變得日益流行起來?！堑?，人們現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到幫助別人就是在幫助他們自己。A項(xiàng)意為“自然地”；B項(xiàng)意為“成功地”；C項(xiàng)意為“極好地”；D項(xiàng)意為“日益，漸增地”。只有D項(xiàng)符合句意。] 2．B　[句意為：醉酒駕駛，過去曾經(jīng)是一件經(jīng)常的事，現(xiàn)在被控制住了。general一般的；frequent經(jīng)常的；normal正常的；particular特別的。根據(jù)句意選B。] 3．C　[考查數(shù)詞＋連字符＋名詞的用法。連字符連接的詞作名詞的定語且用單數(shù)，意為“三小時(shí)的路程”。] 4．A　[句意為：我確信印刷的媒體材料比電視更精確、更加可靠。accurate精確的；ridiculous可笑的，荒謬的；urgent緊急的，急迫的；shallow淺的，膚淺的。由句意可知，A項(xiàng)符合語境。] 5．C　[句意為：盡管父親不喜歡去體育館，但有時(shí)也和我們一起去。hardly幾乎不；seldom很少；sometimes有時(shí)；never從不。] 領(lǐng)悟語法 一、1.better organized　2.other than　3.available 4．regular；health　5.hungry and tired　6.Meanwhile 7．nowhere near enough　8.equally 二、1.C　[根據(jù)句意，第一空用strong coffee，濃咖啡才能提神；第二空表示比較，意為“比現(xiàn)在工作得更好”，故用well的比較級(jí)。] 2．D　[convenient的主語不能為人，常用于it is convenient for/to sb.結(jié)構(gòu)，先排除A和B兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)答語意思“既要去書店又要去銀行”可知，第二空要用as well as。] 3．D　[表示眼睛睜得大、嘴張得大等時(shí)，要用wide修飾open；表示“酣睡”時(shí)，常用be sound/fast/deep asleep或sleep soundly來表達(dá)。] 4．D　[關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞carelessness，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，先排除A和C項(xiàng)；annoyed表示“生氣的”，符合句意。句意為：我對(duì)兒子的粗心很生氣，這(粗心)是他數(shù)學(xué)不及格的主要原因。] 5．A　[free表示“免于，不受……的影響”。句意為：這種新的化學(xué)物質(zhì)將有助于使空氣、土壤和水免受污染。] 6．A　[cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；neatly整潔地；smoothly平滑地；properly適當(dāng)?shù)?。句意為：在下雪天，你必須?jǐn)慎駕車以避免交通事故。] 7．B　[根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容可知，這里是將Boris的智商與班里其他同學(xué)的智商進(jìn)行比較，因此應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；另外，這里是表泛指，因此用不定冠詞，故B項(xiàng)正確。] 8．B　[表達(dá)“在……地方多遠(yuǎn)”時(shí)，一般先“距離”，然后“方位”，表示方位的詞前加to the，但to the也可以省略，所以C項(xiàng)如果改成thirty miles to the southeast也可以，據(jù)此選B項(xiàng)。] 9．D　[especially特別，尤其；frequently經(jīng)常；merely僅僅；finally最終。句意為：你認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物最終會(huì)替代商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物嗎？] 10．B　[這里應(yīng)該用最高級(jí)the coldest，故選B項(xiàng)。句意為：Ernest去了南極，因?yàn)樗肴タ纯词澜缟献罾涞牡胤?。] 11．C　[be due to do意為“預(yù)定、打算……”。] 12．A　[sharp此處為adv.表“整”。] 13．B　[a special price意為“特價(jià)”。] 14．B　[normal temperature指“正常體溫”。] 15．A　[thus后接現(xiàn)在分詞在句中通常作結(jié)果狀語。] 16．D　[late作副詞，表“(具體意義的晚)”，stay up late指“熬夜很晚”。] 17．D　[necessarily用于否定句時(shí)，意為“(不)一定，(未)必”。] 18．B　[hardly意為“幾乎不”。] 19．D　[heavily此處意為“密集地，稠密地”，rain heavily 指“下大雨”。]