外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯-物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用【中文3150字】
外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯-物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用【中文3150字】,中文3150字,外文,文獻(xiàn),翻譯,聯(lián)網(wǎng),關(guān)鍵技術(shù),研究,應(yīng)用,中文,3150
譯文題目：
物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用
原稿題目：
Research on Key Technology and Applications for Internet of Things
原稿出處：
Xian-Yi Chen1, 2, Zhi-Gang Jin3.[J].SciVerse Sciencedirect，2012，Physics Procedia 33：561-566.
【中文3150字】
物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用
摘要
物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IOT）已經(jīng)在在世界各地的各個(gè)行業(yè)和政府以及被學(xué)術(shù)界被越來越多的關(guān)注。本文就物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了討論。并且對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，包括射頻識別技術(shù)、電子產(chǎn)品代碼技術(shù)、無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了分析。數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)的框架下也提出了基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用。
1.1物聯(lián)網(wǎng)
物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念是在1999年在MIT（麻省理工學(xué)院）的Auto-ID實(shí)驗(yàn)室首次提出它是指所有的物品為了實(shí)現(xiàn)智能識別和網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理通過類似于RIFD（射頻識別RFID）等的傳感器設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。其核心支持技術(shù)是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)和射頻識別技術(shù)。
物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念是在2005年在國際電信聯(lián)盟報(bào)告中提出的：物聯(lián)網(wǎng),由國際電信聯(lián)盟（ITU）在突尼斯2005年11月17日的信息社會世界峰會(WSIS)中向全世界正式發(fā)布。據(jù)報(bào)道,一切在任何地方和任何時(shí)間通過無線射頻識別技術(shù)、無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、智能嵌入式技術(shù)和納米技術(shù)可以連接到對方。由于沒有統(tǒng)一的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的定義，它可以從以下技術(shù)角度來定義。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是萬物的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)互連，隨時(shí)有完整的意識，傳輸可靠，準(zhǔn)確控制，智能處理和其他特征的支持技術(shù),如微型電極、射頻識別、無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、智能嵌入技術(shù),互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù),集成智能處理技術(shù)，納米技術(shù)。其他定義的內(nèi)容可以在文獻(xiàn)中找到。
1.2物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)
根據(jù)國際電信聯(lián)盟的建議，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)包括傳感層、接入層、網(wǎng)絡(luò)層、中間件層和應(yīng)用程序?qū)印?
傳感層：這一層的主要功能是獲取感興趣的信息集的不同類型的傳感器，智能識別，并在有關(guān)單位網(wǎng)絡(luò)中分享捕獲的信息。
訪問層：這一層的主要功能是通過現(xiàn)有移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)、無線局域網(wǎng)、衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)和其他基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施將信息從感知層傳到網(wǎng)絡(luò)層。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)層：這一層的主要功能是將網(wǎng)絡(luò)的信息資源集成到一個(gè)大型智能網(wǎng)絡(luò)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺，并建立一個(gè)高效、可靠的為上層社會服務(wù)管理和大規(guī)模工業(yè)服務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施平臺應(yīng)用。
中間件層：這一層的主要功能是網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息實(shí)時(shí)的管理和控制，以及為上層應(yīng)用程序提供一個(gè)良好的用戶界面。它包括各種業(yè)務(wù)支持平臺、管理平臺、信息處理平臺和智能計(jì)算平臺。
應(yīng)用程序?qū)樱哼@一層的主要功能是將底部的功能系統(tǒng)完整化，并建立各種行業(yè)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，如智能電網(wǎng)、智能物流、智能交通、精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測和遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療。
2.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的主要技術(shù)
2.1射頻識別技術(shù)
射頻識別RFID(射頻識別)技術(shù)起源于早期的40年代,主要用于空戰(zhàn)中機(jī)器識別敵人的飛機(jī)和友好國家的飛機(jī)。經(jīng)過幾十年的發(fā)展,它也可以用于生產(chǎn)管理、安全、交通、物流管理等領(lǐng)域。
RFID系統(tǒng)使用射頻標(biāo)簽信息。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自動識別,RFID標(biāo)簽通過非接觸式傳感器，無線電波和微波來和讀者進(jìn)行交流。RFID技術(shù)最突出的特點(diǎn)是：非接觸式讀寫，可以識別幾厘米到幾十米的距離的高速移動物體，具有強(qiáng)大的安全性能，可以同時(shí)識別多個(gè)目標(biāo)。
射頻識別的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)包括high-adaptive無線通信技術(shù)、高保密性；低功耗、高可靠性的RFID設(shè)備，體積小、效率高的天線技術(shù)，低成本的芯片和讀取功能。
2.2電子產(chǎn)品編碼
EPC(電子產(chǎn)品代碼)，它是由麻省理工學(xué)院的Auto-ID中心構(gòu)建出來的，通過建立一個(gè)獨(dú)特的標(biāo)示符，然后使用射頻識別、無線通信技術(shù)通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺來構(gòu)建一個(gè)全球智能網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)時(shí)共享每一篇文章的信息。
EPC由EPC編碼，EPC標(biāo)簽、閱讀器、EPC專家，國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局服務(wù)器，PML，EPC-IS服務(wù)器和網(wǎng)絡(luò)組建成一個(gè)完整的系統(tǒng)。
(1)EPC編碼：EPC編碼是一個(gè)字符串組成的四個(gè)領(lǐng)域包括一個(gè)數(shù)字，緊隨其后的是EPC數(shù)據(jù)頭，EPC管理器，對象分類，和一個(gè)序列號。代碼長度包括64位、96位和256位，可以將一個(gè)惟一的編號分配給世界上所有的商品。這是由EPCglobal管理機(jī)構(gòu)和州分段管理。EPC編碼結(jié)構(gòu)可以在文獻(xiàn)中找到。
(2)EPC標(biāo)簽：EPC是存儲在EPC標(biāo)簽的唯一的信息。EPC標(biāo)簽根據(jù)如何讀和寫可分為只讀的標(biāo)簽和讀/寫標(biāo)簽。
(3)閱讀器：用于讀取或?qū)慐PC標(biāo)簽中的數(shù)據(jù)信息。
(4)EPC Savant：其主要任務(wù)是傳遞和管理來自閱讀器的EPC信息。
(5)國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局服務(wù)器：ONS(對象名稱服務(wù))服務(wù)器堅(jiān)決基于EPC編碼和用戶的請求，以確定哪些相關(guān)信息存儲在EPC-IS。
(6)PML：PML （物理標(biāo)記語言），開發(fā)可擴(kuò)展標(biāo)記語言(XML),采用一個(gè)通用的、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語法來描述自然對象。
(7)EPC-IS：EPC-IS（EPC信息服務(wù)）存儲和提供各種產(chǎn)品信息對應(yīng)的EPC代碼。這些信息通常存儲在PML格式中，也可以存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫中。圖1 為EPC網(wǎng)絡(luò)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)。
EPC系統(tǒng)的機(jī)制如圖1所示：在EPC標(biāo)簽閱讀器通過非接觸式讀取EPC信息，然后發(fā)送到EPC Savant。經(jīng)過一系列復(fù)雜的處理，Savant試圖尋找當(dāng)?shù)谽PC-IS 的EPC產(chǎn)品信息，如果標(biāo)簽閱讀器發(fā)現(xiàn)了信息，直接獲取和發(fā)送信息到EPC Savant；如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)信息，當(dāng)?shù)谽PC-IS將在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)送使用EPC碼作為關(guān)鍵字的查詢請求國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局服務(wù)器。當(dāng)對象名稱服務(wù)器返回遠(yuǎn)程EPC-IS服務(wù)器的IP地址，本地EPC-IS將查詢請求發(fā)送到遠(yuǎn)程EPC-IS并獲取產(chǎn)品信息，然后將其發(fā)送到EPC Savant寫它在當(dāng)?shù)氐腜ML緩存中。EPC Savant在整個(gè)過程中都處于核心地位。
EPC Savant的主要關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：
(1)數(shù)據(jù)過濾：冗余數(shù)據(jù)的識別和過濾；EPC數(shù)據(jù)的不完整的過濾。
(2)數(shù)據(jù)聚合：EPC信息可以早起傳輸之前快速并且可靠的聚合,可以在文學(xué)[7]中發(fā)現(xiàn)。
(3)信息傳遞：信息傳輸安全、實(shí)時(shí)以及高優(yōu)先級和錯(cuò)誤恢復(fù)機(jī)制。
2.3無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)
無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)是一種近距離、低速率無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)，其物理層和MAC層協(xié)議和IEEE802.15.4幾乎是一樣的。無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)聯(lián)盟，成立于2001年8月，增強(qiáng)了IEEE802.15.4；包括安全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的定義和API是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的，這樣就可以支持多種體系結(jié)構(gòu)以及提供高可靠性的無線通信。
無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)廣泛用于家庭自動化、數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)控制、醫(yī)療監(jiān)控。無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn)如表2所示。
無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)包括以下三個(gè)主要方面。
(1)硬件平臺：設(shè)計(jì)低功耗、體積小、低成本的無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)，發(fā)展高微內(nèi)核模塊、節(jié)能的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)。
(2)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議：物理層關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是當(dāng)環(huán)境變化頻繁時(shí)為行為特征和低功耗通信數(shù)據(jù)積累經(jīng)驗(yàn).MAC層的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是開發(fā)信道分配和調(diào)度機(jī)制，避免沖突，構(gòu)建節(jié)能節(jié)點(diǎn)的休眠機(jī)制。網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是構(gòu)建和控制效率和穩(wěn)定的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)，建立低功耗的自組織與自適應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息傳輸路徑；在應(yīng)用程序?qū)拥年P(guān)鍵技術(shù)是檢測和分類網(wǎng)絡(luò)對象，跟蹤多個(gè)移動目標(biāo)，動態(tài)任務(wù)調(diào)度和分配資源。
(3)信息處理技術(shù)：它包括查詢優(yōu)化和處理信息集成，inner-network處理、數(shù)據(jù)壓縮、分布式存儲和信號處理。
3.數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)中物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)將廣泛應(yīng)用于數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)、智能電網(wǎng)、智能家居、智能交通、智能物流、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測、遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域。數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和應(yīng)用程序框架在一下內(nèi)容中進(jìn)行解決。
3.1產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程
在傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中主要通過作為字段信息獲取手工測量經(jīng)驗(yàn)或判斷，需要大量的勞動力，而且數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性較低。合理利用農(nóng)業(yè)資源、降低生產(chǎn)成本、改善生態(tài)環(huán)境，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，大氣、土壤、和其他信息可以實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地收集并進(jìn)行科學(xué)預(yù)測，利用無線傳感器的網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)進(jìn)行精確控制和科學(xué)栽培，正如左邊的圖2所示。首先，如空氣溫度、濕度、風(fēng)、降水、土壤水分、電導(dǎo)率和pH值等信息都通過各種類型的傳感器來進(jìn)行收集。然后，信息通過無線個(gè)域網(wǎng)傳輸?shù)骄W(wǎng)關(guān)。最后，網(wǎng)關(guān)控制水的開關(guān)裝置，施肥、通風(fēng)和溫度自動控制與應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的支持。如圖2所示。
3.2產(chǎn)品流通
因?yàn)槿狈τ行У谋O(jiān)管，目前在我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通領(lǐng)域存在有許多缺陷，如安全事故、知名品牌的劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品。使用EPC技術(shù)可以有效地解決這些問題，就像右邊的圖2所示。首先，標(biāo)簽是嵌入式的存在于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程。其次，EPC的閱讀器是安裝在所有所需的位置，如商場、市場、和倉庫。通過與各種應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的支持，食品安全部門可以調(diào)節(jié)生產(chǎn)過程，批發(fā)和零售，消費(fèi)者可以跟蹤產(chǎn)品的來源，商業(yè)生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，生產(chǎn)時(shí)間，和檢疫。
4.結(jié)論
在電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之后，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)無疑將成為一個(gè)信息革命。美國已經(jīng)確認(rèn)智慧地球是新一輪國際競爭的重要戰(zhàn)略，也已經(jīng)是中國制造中的“中國意識”宏偉戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)將廣泛應(yīng)用于數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)、智能電網(wǎng)、智能家居、智能交通、智能物流、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測、遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域。數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和應(yīng)用程序框架在本文中已經(jīng)得到解決。
Research on Key Technology and Applications for Internet of Things
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IOT) has been paid more and more attention by the academe, industry, and government all over the world. The concept of IOT and the architecture of IOT are discussed. The key technologies of IOT, including Radio Frequency Identification technology, Electronic Product Code technology, and ZigBee technology are analyzed. The framework of digital agriculture application based on IOT is proposed
1.1 Internet of Things
The idea of Internet of Things [1] that all the items were connected to Internet by sensor devices such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) in order to accomplish intelligent recognition and network management was first proposed by Auto-ID laboratory in MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in 1999. Its core support technology is a wireless sensor network and radio frequency identification technology.
The concept of Internet of things was addressed in ITU Internet reports 2005: the Internet of things, which was issued on the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in Tunisia on November 17, 2005. It reports that everything can connect to each other at any place and in any time by radio frequency identification technology, wireless sensor networks technology, intelligent embedded technology, and nanotechnology.
Since there is no uniform definition of Internet of things, it can be defined as the following from a technical perspective. Internet of Things is the network which can achieve interconnection of all things anywhere, anytime with complete awareness, reliable transmission, accurate control, intelligent processing and other characteristics by the supportive technologies, such as micro-sensors, RFID, wireless sensor network technology, intelligent embedded technologies, Internet technologies, integrated intelligent processing technology, nanotechnology. Other definitions of things can be found in the literature.
1.2 Architecture of IoT
According to the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union , the network architecture of IoT consists of the sensing layer, the access layer, the network layer, the middleware layer and application layers.
Sensing layer: the main features of this layer are to capture the interest information large-scaly by various types of sensors, identify intelligently, and share the captured information in the related units in the network.
The access layer: this layer's main function is to transfer information from the sensing layer to the network layer through existing mobile networks, wireless networks, wireless LANs, satellite networks and other infrastructure.
Network layer: this layer's main function is to integrate the information resources of the network into a large intelligence network with the Internet platform, and establish an efficient and reliable infrastructure platform for upper-class service management and large-scale industry applications.
The middleware layer: this layer's main function is to management and control network information real-time, as well as providing a good user interface for upper layer application. It includes various business support platform, management platform, information processing platform, and intelligent computing platform.
Application layer: this layer's main function is to integrate the function of the bottom system, and build the practical application of various industries, such as smart grids, smart logistics, intelligent transportation, precision agriculture, disaster monitoring and distance medical care.
2. Key Technology of IoT
2.1 RFID technology
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification) technology originated in the early 40 's, which was mainly used in machine recognition of enemy aircraft in air combat and friends. After several decades of development, it can be used for production management, safety, transportation, logistics management, and other areas.
RFID system uses radio frequency tags to bear information. To identify automatically, RFID tag and reader communicate by non-contact sensors, radio waves or microwaves. The most prominent feature of RFID technology is: non-contact reading and writing, distance from a few cm to dozens of meters, to recognize high speed moving objects, strong security, and can identify multiple targets simultaneously.
The key technologies of RFID includes high-adaptive wireless communication technology, high confidentiality; low power consumption, high reliability of RFID devices; small volume, high efficiency antenna technology; low-cost chip and reader.
2.2 Electronic Product Code
EPC (Electronic Product Code), which was developed by Auto-ID Center in Massachusetts Institute of Technology, can be used to construct a global intelligent network sharing information in real time by establishing a unique identifier for every single article, and then uses RFID, wireless communications technology through the Internet platform.
The complete system of EPC composes of EPC encoding, EPC tags, readers, EPC Savant, ONS server, PML, EPC-IS servers, and Internet.
(1) EPC encoding: EPC encoding is a string of four field composed of a number, followed by the EPC header, EPC Manager, object classification, a serial number. The code length includes 64 bits, 96-bit and 256-bit, which can assign a unique number to all the world's goods. It was managed by EPCglobal institutions and states subsection management. EPC encoding structure can be found in the literature [5].
(2) EPC tags: EPC is the only information stored in the EPC tags. EPC tags can be divided into readonly labels and read/write tags depending on how to read and write.
(3) Reader: is used for reading or writing of EPC labels information.
(4) EPC Savant: its main task is to deliver and manage the EPC information come from the reader.
(5) ONS server: ONS (Object Name Service) servers resolute based on EPC encoding and user’s requests, to determine which the related information is stored in the EPC-IS.
(6) PML: PML (Physical Markup Language), which develops from the Extensible Markup Language (XML), adopts a common, standard syntax to describe natural objects.
(7) EPC-IS: EPC-IS (EPC Information Service) storages and provides various products information corresponding to the EPC code. This information is generally stored in PML format, can also be stored in the database. Figure 1 The architecture of EPC network
The mechanisms of the EPC system as shown in Figure 1: the reader reads EPC information in EPC tags by means of non-contact, and then sends to EPC Savant. After a series of complex processing, Savant try to look for the EPC product information in the local EPC-IS, if Savant finds the information, it obtains and sends the information to the EPC Savant directly; if not, the local EPC-IS will send query request used EPC codes as a keyword to the ONS servers on the Internet. When ONS server returns the IP address of the remote EPC-IS, local EPC-IS send query request to the remote EPC-IS and get the product information, and then send it to the EPC Savant, writing it in local PML cache [6]. EPC Savant is at the core position during the entire process.
The Key technology of EPC Savant:
(1) Data filtering: identification of redundant data and filter; incomplete filtering of EPC data.
(2) Data aggregation: EPC information can be aggregated quickly and reliably before transmitting, which can be found in literature [7].
(3) Information transfer: transmit information secure and real-time, with high priority, error recovery mechanisms.
2.3 ZigBee
ZigBee is a short-range, low-rate wireless network technology, and its physical layer and MAC layer protocol are almost the same as IEEE802.15.4. ZigBee Alliance, which was founded in August 2001, has enhanced the IEEE802.15.4; including the definition of the secure network layer and API are standardized so that it can support multiple architectures as well as providing high reliability wireless communication. ZigBee is widely used in home automation, digital agriculture, industrial controls, and medical monitoring. The characteristic of ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network are shown in table 2.
Key technology of ZigBee networks includes the following three main areas.
(1) Hardware platforms: to design low power consumption, small size, low cost wireless sensor node; to develop high micro-kernel, modules, energy-efficient embedded operating systems.
(2) Network communication protocol: The key technology in physical layer is to be behavioral characteristics and accumulation of experience of low power communication data when the environment changes frequently. The key technology in MAC layer is to develop channel allocation and scheduling mechanism for avoiding conflict; to build the dormancy mechanism of energy conservation node. The key technology in network layer is to build and control the efficient and stable network topology, to establish the self-organization information transmission paths with adaptive network coverage; low power consumption. The key technology in application layer is to detect and classify the network object, to track multiple mobile targets, to schedule dynamic task and allocate resource.
(3) Information processing technology: it includes query optimization and processing, information integration, inner-network processing, data compression, distributed storage and signal processing.
3. The Key Technologies of IoT in Digital Agriculture
Internet technology will be widely used in digital agriculture, Smart grids, smart home, intelligent transportation, smart logistics, disaster monitoring, distance medical care, and other fields. The key technologies and application framework of digital agricultural are addressed in the next sector.
3.1 Production processes
As field information is obtained primarily through manual measuring experience or judgment in traditional agriculture, it takes lots of labor power and the data accuracy is low. To exploit agricultural resources reasonably, reduce production costs, improve the ecological environment, improve the agricultural products, the atmospheric, soil, and other information can be collected real time and accurately for scientific predictions, precise control, scientific cultivation by using wireless sensor networks technology, which is shown in the left of Figure 2. Firstly, the information, such as air temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, soil moisture, conductivity and pH values are collected by various types of sensors. Secondly, the information is transmitted to the gateway by ZigBee. Finally, the gateway controls the switch unit to water, fertilize, ventilate and control temperature automatically with the support of the application servers. Figure 2
3.2 Circulation
As lack of effective regulation, there are many defects in the field of agricultural products circulation in our country currently, such as security incidents, inferior products posing well-known brands. Using EPC technology can solve those problems efficiently, just as shown in the right of Figure 2. Firstly, the label is embedded to agricultural products in the production process. Secondly, the EPC reader is installed at the required position, such as mall, market, and warehouse. With the support of various application servers, food security sector can regulate production, process, wholesale and retail, consumer can track products of sources, produced commercial, quality, period, and quarantine.
4. Conclusions
IoT will undoubtedly be an information revolution following computers and Internet. United States has identified smarter planet as a key strategy for a new round of international competition, also "Sense China" ambitious strategic goals have been made in China. The key technology of IoT will be widely used in digital agriculture, smart grids, smart home, intelligent transportation, smart logistics, disaster monitoring, distance medical care and other fields. The key technologies and application framework of digital agricultural are addressed in this article.
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