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1、英語的謂語動詞有兩種英語的謂語動詞有兩種主動語態(tài)（Active Voice)被動語態(tài) (Passive Voice)（前者表示句子的（前者表示句子的主語為動作的發(fā)出者主語為動作的發(fā)出者，后者表示句子的，后者表示句子的主語為動作的承受者主語為動作的承受者。）。） 從以上對比可以看出，主動句中的主語Tom在被動句中變成了短語by Tom，主動句中的賓語the window變成了被動句中的主語。由于被動句中的主語即主動句中的賓語，因此，。 主動句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動句，主動句的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，而主動句的主語則變?yōu)橛伞癰y + 動作的發(fā)出者”在被動句中做狀語。種語態(tài)種語態(tài)被動語態(tài)基本構(gòu)成：be+動詞的過去

2、分詞buildnew flyoversevery yearNew flyovers are built every year.Describe the pictures, using passive voice.buildcastle18th centuryThe castle was built in the 18th century.The World Expo will be held in Shanghai in the year 2010.He said that the antiseptic masks should have been worn during these days

3、.He, antiseptic mask, these daysThe picture is being painted by the little girl.paintpictureThe mouse was being chased by the cat when I came in yesterday. chaseyesterdayI come in The picture has been drawn by the little girl.Sally, say, buy, wedding ring, weddingSally said the wedding ring had been

4、 bought before the wedding.a) 不知道或沒必要知道動作的執(zhí)行者。The book was first published in the late 1990s.b)不便說出動作的執(zhí)行者。The plan was generally considered impractical.c)突出動作的承受者。She is respected by all the workers of the factory.d)漢語中的無主句，在英語中用被動語態(tài) 。Smoking is not allowed in public places.e)為了保持主語的一貫性。The old prof

5、essor wheeled himself into the classroom andwas warmly applauded by the students.何時用被動語態(tài)？4）有些短語不用被動語態(tài) do ones best, make a face, make room(騰位子），make up ones mind, belong to不用被動語態(tài)的情況 1）不及物動詞不用被動語態(tài)；注意：happen, break out ,take place The story was happened in 1934. （ ）2）表狀態(tài)的動詞不用被動語態(tài)；have, lack, fit I hav

6、e a new bike.3）連系動詞不用被動語態(tài)；The story is sounded true. （ ）特殊情況 1）感官動詞 ( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look ) 用主動形式表示被動。 How sweet the music sounds ! Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .2） write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open常用主動形式表被動意義。尤其是有副詞 well, easily時。 The book

7、sells well . ( 這本書銷路很好。 ) The door will not open . ( 這扇門就是打不開。 ) This dress washes better . ( 這衣服較好洗。 ) The sign reads as follows . ( 這牌子告示如下。 ) 3）need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用動名詞表被動。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth reading.注意：need后可接動名詞表被動，又可接動詞不定式的被動形式。 The desk needs r

8、epairing. The desk needs to be repaired. 4) 注意動名詞的被動形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed of. 沒人喜歡被嘲笑。the city officials, make,a plan, to turn Beijing into a green citymillions of people from all over the world,visit, the Great WallChina, send up, another space capsuletourists, damage,some cult

9、ural sitesthe villagers, set up, a website,to help people learn more about the cultural relicsthe Russian government, turned into museums,these palaces1.2.3.4.5.6.A plan has been made to turn Beijing into a green cityby the city officials.The Great Wall has been visitedby millions of people from all

10、 over the world.by China.has been sent upAnother space capsuleby tourists.have been damagedSome cultural sitesby the villagershas been set upA websiteto help people learn more about the cultural relics.by the Russian government.have been turned into museumsThese palacesUnit 7 Cultural relics47 Guili

11、n: A group of villagers in Guilin are planning to protect their cultural relics. Guilin _ (visit) by so many tourists that some of its cultural sites _ (not well protect). Some ancient sites _ (already damage) by tourists and villagers are worried that part of their history will be lost. A website _

12、 (start) by the villagers to tell people about the problem and how to solve it. Also, a museum _ (build) so that visitors can look the cultural relics without causing any damage.has been visitedare not well protectedhave already been damagedhas been startedhas been builtUnit 7 Cultural relics47Unit

13、7 Cultural relics122 Beijing: Beijing plans to repair its old city wall. It _ (say) to be the citys largest ever cultural relics repair project. The wall that will be 1,600 metres long from Dongbianmen to Chongwemmen will keep the same look as the old one. The Beijing people _ (also ask) by the city

14、 government to return old wall bricks, which _ (be) once used to build houses in the 1960s. So far, more than 20,000 old bricks _ (return), but two million such bricks _ (need) for the repairs. The old city wall _ (build) in the Ming Dynasty. The wall _ (badly damage) over the past years. “The repair project has brought more visitors to Beijing,” a city official said, “We hope that it will make Beijing even more beautiful.is saidhave also been askedwerehave been returnedare neededwas builthas been badly damaged