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Module 6 War and Peace Sections Ⅱ Grammar [夯實基礎知識] Ⅰ. 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空 1. The guard of the meeting insisted that everybody ________(obey) the rules. 答案：(should) obey 2. －You should have gone to the cinema with us yesterday. The film was very good. －I wish I ________(have) yesterday off. 答案：had had 3. The teacher ordered that students ________(not smoke)． 答案：(should) not smoke 4. Id rather you ________(tell) my parents about this earlier. 答案：told 5. Ive been too busy recently, otherwise I ________(write) to you two days ago. 答案：would/could/might have written 6. It is suggested that another hospital________(build) in the centre of the city. 答案：(should) be built Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. If they ________ us, we would be there now. 如果他們通知我們，我們現(xiàn)在就到那兒了。 答案：had informed 2. They began to talk warmly as if they ________ each other for ages. 他們開始熱情地交談，好像認識很久了。 答案：had known 3. ________， we would still be working now. 要不是你的幫助，我們現(xiàn)在仍然在工作。 答案：But for your help 4. The teacher advised that we ________ every minute to study. 老師建議我們充分利用每分鐘來學習。 答案：(should) make good use of 5. It is time that I________ my daughter at school. 到了我去接我女兒放學的時候了。 答案：went to pick up 6. It is important that children ________ to get on with each other. 孩子們學會與別人相處是很重要的。 答案：(should) learn Ⅲ. 單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞) 1. [2012福建高考]We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ________(visit) more places of interest yesterday. 答案：could/might/should/would have visited　本題關鍵是從時間狀語yesterday知道是對過去的虛擬，前半句是個過去的客觀事實“我們在那個小山村迷路”，otherwise否則后半句是用對過去的虛擬用would/could/should/might have done。 2. [2012浙江高考]Had they known what was coming next, they ________(have) second thoughts. 答案：would/could/should/might have had　本句是一個倒裝句，可還原為：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。根據(jù)had known提示，可知是與過去事實相反，因此虛擬語氣主句中應該用would/could/should/might＋have done。 3. －Would you have told him the answer that had been possible? －I would have, but I________ busy then. 答案：was　答句句意：我本應該告訴他的，但是當時我很忙。結合語境，前面是虛擬，但是轉折后是個事實，所以應該填was。 4. It is quite natural that my coming late again________(make) them very angry. 答案：(should) make　考查虛擬語氣。句意：很自然，我的又一次遲到會讓他們很生氣。在It is sad/annoying/disappointing/surprising/frightening/curious/desirable/important/strange/peculiar/proper/necessary/natural...that...這些結構中謂語動詞用should＋動詞原形，其中should可省略。 5. He acted as if he ________(know) everything in the world. 答案：knew　考查虛擬語氣。句意：他表現(xiàn)得就好像他知道世界上任何事。在as if或as though引導的方式狀語從句中，如果表示的與事實愿望不符，就用虛擬語氣，根據(jù)句意可知，該句表示的與現(xiàn)在的事實不符，故用一般過去式。 6. Its high time we ________(stop) cutting down the rainforests. 答案：should stop/stopped　考查Its high time句型。此句型要使用虛擬語氣，后面可以接動詞的過去式或者“should＋動詞原形“(should不可以省略)的形式。 7. If only I ________(listen) to the lecture! 答案：had listened　考查虛擬語氣。句意：要是我聽了那個報告多好??！if only表示“但愿……”“要是……就好了”，句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句意可知表示的是與過去愿望不符的虛擬，故用過去完成時態(tài)。 8. He ________(give) you more help, even though he was very busy. 答案：could/should/would/might have given　考查虛擬語氣。句意：他或許會給你更多的幫助，縱然他很忙。在even though引導的讓步狀語從句中，可用虛擬語氣。其謂語結構和if引導的條件句是相同的。根據(jù)句子結構和句意，表示與過去事實愿望不符的虛擬。 9. I am sorry that he ________(be) in such poor health. 答案：should be　考查虛擬語氣。句意：很遺憾，他的健康這么差。amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset等后面的狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣。謂語結構should＋動詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或將來)。 10. [2013德州高二檢測]I was ill that day, otherwise I ________(take) part in the sports meeting. 答案：could/should/might/would have taken　句意：那天我病了，否則我就會參加運動會了。此題考查對過去某種情況否定的假設，otherwise是關鍵詞；該題可改為：If I werent ill that day, I ________ the sports meeting.主句謂語動詞應用would have done的形式。 [提升實戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ. 閱讀理解 A [2013天津高考]When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get. For kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫無掩飾的). In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly its conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity. I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party. In adulthood the things that bring deep joy－love, marriage, birth－also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated (復雜的). My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. Its easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends，the freedom to live where we please, and even good health. I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day. Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I dont think that my grandmother，who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her. We，however，with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing weve got to have. Were so selfconscious about our“right” to it that its making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things arent necessarily happier. Happiness isnt about what happens to us－its about how we see what happens to us. Its the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. Its not wishing for what we dont have，but enjoying what we do possess. 本文為議論文。題材為個人情感與人際關系。文章介紹了隨著我們年齡的增加和對成功追求壓力的加大，我們逐漸忽略了身邊快樂的存在。在生活中容易滿足的人會更快樂。 1. As people grow older, they________. A. feel it harder to experience happiness B. associate their happiness less with others C. will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness D. tend to believe responsibility means happiness 答案：A細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的．..，which seems to get rarer the older we get.可知，我們年齡越大，快樂就會越少。故選A項。 2. What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 5 and 6? A. She cares little about her own health. B. She enjoys the freedom of traveling. C. She is easily pleased by things in daily life. D. She prefers getting pleasure from housework. 答案：C推理判斷題。第五段主要講了作者對快樂的理解：我們越享受我們所擁有的，我們就會越快樂。第六段主要講了作者的一次經(jīng)歷，孩子和丈夫的吵鬧聲也讓作者感受到了快樂。所以從這兩段我們可以得知作者很容易從日常生活中感到快樂。故選C項。 3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 7? A. Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness. B. Psychologists opinion is well proved by Grandmas case. C. Grandma often found time for social gatherings. D. Grandmas happiness came from modest expectations of life. 答案：D推理判斷題。本段心理學家認為快樂的來源是有可以享受的休閑時間和令人滿意的工作。而作者的奶奶對于心理學家認為的快樂來源都沒有，但是有自己的朋友和親人，這或許是讓奶奶滿意也是快樂的事情。故選D項(奶奶的快樂來自于對生活適度的期盼)。 4. People who equal happiness with wealth and success ________. A. consider pressure something blocking their way B. stress their right to happiness too much C. are at a loss to make correct choices D. are more likely to be happy 答案：B推理判斷題。第八段告訴我們：在每個領域我們有太多的選擇和追求成功的壓力，我們已經(jīng)把快樂變成了另外一個東西，甚至把它等同于財富和成功，但是我們沒有注意到其實擁有財富和成功的人不一定更快樂。故選B項。 5. What can be concluded from the passage? A. Happiness lies between the positive and the negative. B. Each man is the master of his own fate. C. Success leads to happiness. D. Happy is he who is content. 答案：D推理判斷題。本篇文章的中心段是最后一段。在最后一段作者指出我們的快樂不是去期望我們沒有得到的東西，而是要享受我們所擁有的。故選D項。 B [2014金湖高二檢測] Kenya wants to organize a major international conference to discuss how to fight piracy(海盜) off the coast of Somalia. The conference may also deal with ways to rescue Somalia from seventeen years of civil war. More than forty percent of its people depend on food aid. Kenyan Foreign Minister Moses Wetangula says the world cannot end piracy and civil war without dealing with Somalias political problems. Somali pirates operate in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden. The Gulf of Aden connects the Red Sea to the Mediterranean by way of the Suez Canal. The pirates have fast boats, modern weapons and equipment like satellite phones and global positioning systems. Pirates hijacked(劫持) the Sirius Star off the coast of Kenya and moved it to waters off Somalia. The tanker Sirius Star, at three hundred thirty meters long, is the biggest ship ever known to have been captured by pirates. It also happened farther south than most attacks, and farther out at sea－more than eight hundred kilometers from land. The ship was headed for the United States with two million carrels of oil, worth an estimated one hundred million dollars. A Saudi Arabian company owns the tanker. The pirates have reportedly demanded twentyfive million dollars in negotiations to release the ship and its crew of twentyfive. Somali pirates generally do not steal goods or kill hostages. They are believed to be holding seventeen ships with about three hundred crew members. Among the ships is a Ukrainian vessel hijacked in September with a load of military weapons including tanks. The increase in piracy is raising the cost of insuring ships. Also, oil from the Middle East and exports from East Asia could take longer to arrive. Some of the worlds heaviest shipping traffic passes the Somali coast. But major shipping companies have begun to consider new routes. One of the worlds biggest shippers, A. P. Moeller Maersk, says it will avoid the Gulf of Aden. A move away from the Suez Canal could hurt Egypts economy. American and other foreign navy ships are now watching for pirates. This week the Indian Navy destroyed a heavily armed “mother ship” in the Gulf of Aden. But the area to protect covers more than one hundred sixty million square kilometers. 本文主要介紹了索馬里海盜的情況。 6. According to the passage, which of the following is the key to solving the piracy in Somalia? A. Providing lots of money. B. Ending civil war. C. Supplying enough food. D. Handling Somalias political problems. 答案：D　細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段可知D項正確。 7. Somali pirates do the following things EXCEPT that ________. A. they demand money B. they hold the ships with crew C. they kill some of the hostages D. they hijack ships with military weapons 答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Pirates hijacked the Sirius Star off the coast of Kenya and moved it to waters off Somalia.”；第六段中“The pirates have reportedly demanded twentyfive million dollars in negotiations to release the ship and its crew of twentyfive.”知A、B、D三項都是Somali pirates做的事情；又根據(jù)第七段第一句話“Somali pirates generally do not steal goods or kill hostages.”知C項不符合實際情況。故C項正確。 8. What can we infer from the passage? A. The cost of ship transport is decreasing. B. The routes of some ships might change. C. Nothing has been done to fight against the piracy. D. The Suez Canal is of no importance to Egypts economy. 答案：B　推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中“Some of the worlds heaviest shipping traffic passes the Somali coast. But major shipping companies have begun to consider new routes.”可知B項正確。 Ⅴ. 語法填空 M: Can you tell me something __1__ your education? W: Yes. Im __2__ graduate of Zhengzhou University. I learned business. M: Did you like your business courses? W: Very much, and I __3__(do) well in all of them. Here are the results of my examinations. M: Hm, you were indeed a good student. What about your __4__(speak) English? W: I can talk with foreigners __5__(free). I often went to the English Corner __6__ I was at college. We had English teachers from Australia. M: Hm. We can hire you. We give the employees a salary of 480 dollars a month at the beginning. __7__ you do a good job, you will get a rise in three months time. W: Thats great. __8__ should I work every day? M: Four hours every day and two days off in a week. W: Do you offer housing to your __9__ (employ)? M: Not now. My assistant will tell you __10__ you are interested in. W: OK. When shall I begin my work? M: Next week. 1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________ 5. ________　6. ________　7. ________　8. ________ 9. ________　10. ________ 本文是一位大學畢業(yè)生參加工作面試時與面試官之間的對話。 1. about　考查介詞。tell sb. about sth.意為“告訴某人關于某事的情況”。 2. a　考查冠詞。本空是泛指“我是鄭州大學的一名畢業(yè)生”。 3. have done　考查時態(tài)。由于是畢業(yè)生，說明各門課程學得很好是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。 4. spoken　考查過去分詞。spoken English意為“口語”。 5. freely　考查副詞。修飾動詞talk用副詞，freely意為“自由地”。 6. when　考查連詞。when在本句中意為“當……時候”。 7. If　考查連詞。本句是個假設，用if，“如果你的工作做得好，你會在三個月后漲工資”。 8. How long　考查疑問副詞。根據(jù)下文的回答可知本句問的是“我應該工作多長時間”，用how long。 9. employees　考查名詞。在your的后面用名詞，“雇員”不止一名，用復數(shù)。 10. what　考查關系代詞。what引導的賓語從句，同時what在句中作in的賓語。