CA6140車床法蘭盤工藝規(guī)程及夾具設(shè)計(jì)[三維CATIA],三維CATIA,CA6140,車床,法蘭盤,工藝,規(guī)程,夾具,設(shè)計(jì),三維,CATIA 西北工業(yè)大學(xué)明德學(xué)院西北工業(yè)大學(xué)明德學(xué)院2014屆學(xué)位論文屆學(xué)位論文答辯答辯論文題目：CA6140車床車床法蘭盤法蘭盤的的工藝規(guī)程工藝規(guī)程和和夾具設(shè)計(jì)夾具設(shè)計(jì) 專業(yè)名稱專業(yè)名稱 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 學(xué)生姓名學(xué)生姓名 李李 建建 飛飛 指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師 鄧鄧 修修 瑾瑾 2014.06.15 CA6140車床車床法蘭盤法蘭盤的的工藝規(guī)程工藝規(guī)程和和夾具設(shè)計(jì)夾具設(shè)計(jì)零件圖（零件圖（1張）張）毛坯圖（毛坯圖（1張）張）工藝規(guī)程工藝規(guī)程（1份）份）主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（1份）份）鉆床夾具（鉆床夾具（1套）套）CA6140車床法蘭盤的工藝規(guī)程和夾具設(shè)計(jì)論文結(jié)構(gòu)緒論緒論零件的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性分析零件的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性分析工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)夾具設(shè)計(jì)與分析夾具設(shè)計(jì)與分析全文總結(jié)全文總結(jié)CA6140車床車床法蘭盤法蘭盤的的工藝規(guī)程工藝規(guī)程和和夾具設(shè)計(jì)夾具設(shè)計(jì) 零件分析零件分析1工藝規(guī)程工藝規(guī)程2夾具設(shè)計(jì)夾具設(shè)計(jì)3 第一部分：零件分析第一部分：零件分析零零 件件 模模 型型 圖圖 技術(shù)要求技術(shù)要求：1.刻字字形高5mm,刻線寬0.3mm,0.5mm；2.B面拋光；3.100 mm外圓無(wú)光鍍鉻。第一部分：零件分析第一部分：零件分析零零 件件 圖圖 第二部分：工藝規(guī)程第二部分：工藝規(guī)程工工 藝藝 規(guī)規(guī) 程程確定毛坯制造形式確定毛坯制造形式確定切削用量、確定切削用量、基本工時(shí)基本工時(shí)選擇基準(zhǔn)選擇基準(zhǔn)擬定工藝路線擬定工藝路線確定機(jī)械加工余量、確定機(jī)械加工余量、工序尺寸、毛坯尺寸工序尺寸、毛坯尺寸粗基準(zhǔn)選擇精基準(zhǔn)選擇選擇加工方法劃分加工階段安排加工順序繪制毛坯圖 技術(shù)要求技術(shù)要求：1.刻字字形高5mm,刻線寬0.3mm,0.5mm；2.B面拋光；3.100 mm外圓無(wú)光鍍鉻。第二部分：工藝規(guī)程第二部分：工藝規(guī)程基基 準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn) 的的 選選 擇擇 各表面所需加工方法：各表面所需加工方法：第二部分：工藝規(guī)程第二部分：工藝規(guī)程工工 藝藝 規(guī)規(guī) 程程依據(jù)：依據(jù)：1.零件表面粗糙度、精度：零件表面粗糙度、精度：2.零件表面形狀、大小；零件表面形狀、大??；3.零件圖紙技術(shù)要求。零件圖紙技術(shù)要求。原則原則:1.先考慮主要表面，再次要表面；先考慮主要表面，再次要表面；2.先選擇最終加工方法，再選擇之前的。先選擇最終加工方法，再選擇之前的。并查表選擇：并查表選擇：各表面所需加工方法。各表面所需加工方法。工工 序序 卡卡 片片工序號(hào)工步數(shù) 工 序 名 稱 設(shè) 備05毛坯金屬鑄造機(jī)床108車CA6140153粗車CA6140204半精車CA6140253半精車CA6140303精車CA6140354精車+倒角CA6140404銑平面銑床451鉆4-9孔鉆床502鉆4、6孔鉆床552磨B面磨床601磨平面磨床654倒角CA6140701去毛刺鉗工臺(tái)751拋光拋光機(jī)801刻字劃線激光雕刻機(jī)851鍍鉻電鍍池90終撿檢測(cè)臺(tái)第第二二部部分分：工工藝藝規(guī)規(guī)程程根據(jù)：根據(jù)：1.“工序集中工序集中”原則原則2.“粗加工粗加工半精加工半精加工精加工精加工”階段劃分階段劃分 毛毛 坯坯 圖圖第二部分：工藝規(guī)程第二部分：工藝規(guī)程 1.1.研究工序要求，研究工序要求，選擇選擇夾具結(jié)構(gòu)和類型夾具結(jié)構(gòu)和類型4.4.導(dǎo)向元件（導(dǎo)向元件（鉆套鉆套）類型類型選擇選擇與設(shè)計(jì)與設(shè)計(jì)5.5.鉆模板的設(shè)計(jì)鉆模板的設(shè)計(jì) 2.2.確定定位方案確定定位方案，選擇定位元件選擇定位元件 3.3.確定確定夾緊夾緊方案方案，選擇夾緊元件，選擇夾緊元件6.6.夾具體（底座）的設(shè)計(jì)夾具體（底座）的設(shè)計(jì)7.7.其他裝置其他裝置（連接件）的設(shè)計(jì)（連接件）的設(shè)計(jì)8.8.夾緊夾緊力力計(jì)算計(jì)算9.9.切削力計(jì)算切削力計(jì)算10.10.夾具精度校核夾具精度校核11.11.繪制夾具總圖繪制夾具總圖12.12.拆分夾具零件圖拆分夾具零件圖 夾夾 具具 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)夾夾具具設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)流流程程END 分析工序要求分析工序要求第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)用心軸聯(lián)接鉆模板的復(fù)蓋式鉆模用鉸鏈聯(lián)接鉆模板的復(fù)蓋式鉆模 鉆鉆 模模 類類 型型 選選 擇擇第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)蓋式（可卸式）復(fù)蓋式（可卸式）鉆?？尚?，直接復(fù)在工鉆?？尚叮苯訌?fù)在工件件上；上；用銷釘或鉸鏈與夾具體聯(lián)接用銷釘或鉸鏈與夾具體聯(lián)接。固定模板式固定模板式翻翻 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) 式式回回 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) 式式鉆鉆 模模 類類 型型鉆模質(zhì)量大時(shí)；鉆模質(zhì)量大時(shí)；鉆直徑較大平行孔系鉆直徑較大平行孔系。加工不同方向的孔加工不同方向的孔。加工沿圓周分布的孔加工沿圓周分布的孔。第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì) 定位、夾緊方案設(shè)計(jì)定位、夾緊方案設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)定位過(guò)定位 鉆鉆 套套 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)固固 定定 鉆鉆 套套分為無(wú)肩和帶肩兩種形式分為無(wú)肩和帶肩兩種形式；以以過(guò)盈配合壓入鉆模板過(guò)盈配合壓入鉆模板?？煽?換換 鉆鉆 套套快快 換換 鉆鉆 套套鉆鉆 套套 類類 型型特特 種種 鉆鉆 套套工件的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀或工序加工條件不工件的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀或工序加工條件不允許采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鉆套允許采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鉆套。間隙配合壓入襯套孔內(nèi)間隙配合壓入襯套孔內(nèi)；襯套外圓與鉆模板底孔過(guò)盈配合襯套外圓與鉆模板底孔過(guò)盈配合；用螺釘固緊用螺釘固緊?？煽裳杆俑鼡Q迅速更換；與襯套的間隙配合與襯套的間隙配合。鉆套設(shè)計(jì)鉆套設(shè)計(jì)材材 料料高高 度度內(nèi)外徑內(nèi)外徑排屑空間排屑空間 第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì) 鉆鉆 套套 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì)圖4-8 鉆模板 第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì) 鉆鉆 模模 板板 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì)復(fù)蓋式（可卸式）復(fù)蓋式（可卸式）第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì) 底底 座座 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì) 第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì)連連 接接 板板 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)計(jì)第三部分：夾具設(shè)計(jì) 第第三三部部分分：夾夾具具設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)夾夾 具具 裝裝 配配 總總 圖圖 夾夾 具具 裝裝 配配 圖圖（主主視視）1.心軸2.鉆模板3.鉆套4.開(kāi)口墊片5.螺母6.螺釘7.連接板8.螺母9.銷釘10.底座11.螺母第第三三部部分分：夾夾具具設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì) 第第三三部部分分：夾夾具具設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)夾夾 具具 模模 型型 圖圖 致致 謝謝- 1 -NC Technology1、Research current situation of NC lathe in our timesResearch and development process to such various kinds of new technologies asnumerical control lathe , machining center , FMS , CIMS ,etc. of countries all over theworld, linked to with the international economic situation closely. The machine toolindustry has international economy to mutually promote and develop, enter 21 alerteras of World Affairs, the function that peoples knowledge plays is more outstanding ,and the machine tool industry is regarded as the foundation of the manufacturingindustry of the machine, its key position and strategic meaning are more obvious.Within 1991-1994 years, the economic recession of the world, expensive FMS, CIMSlowers the temperature, among 1995-2000 years, the international economy increasesat a low speed, according to requisition for NC lathe and the world four majorinternational lathes exhibition in order to boost productivity of users of various fieldsof present world market (EMO , IMTS , JIMTOF , China CIMT of Japan of U.S.A. ofEurope), have the analysis of the exhibit, there are the following several points mainlyin the technical research of NC lathe in our times:（1） 、Pay more attention to new technology and innovationWorldwide , are launching the new craft , new material , new structure , newunit , research and development of the new component in a more cost-effectivemanner, developmental research of for instance new cutter material , the new electricmain shaft of main shaft structure , high speed , high-speed straight line electricalmachinery ,etc. Regard innovating in improvement of the processing technology asthe foundation, for process ultra and hard difficult to cut material and specialcomposite and complicated part , irregular curved surface ,etc. research and developnew lathe variety constantly.（2） 、Improve the precision and research of machine toolingIn order to improve the machining accuracy of the machining center , are- 2 -improving rigidity of the lathe , reduction vibration constantly, dispel hotly and out ofshape, reduce the noise , improve the precision of localization of NC lathe , repeatprecision , working dependability , stability , precision keeping, world a lot of countrycarry on lathe hot error , lathe sport and load out of shape software of errorcompensate technical research, take precision compensate , software compensatemeasure improve , some may make this kind of error dispel 60% already. And isdeveloping retrofit constantly, nanometer is being processed.（3） 、Improve the research of the machine tooling productivityWorld NC lathe, machining center and corresponding some development ofmain shaft , electrical machinery of straight line , measuring system , NC system ofhigh speed, under the prerequisite of boosting productivity.（4） 、What a lot of countries have already begun to the numerical controlsystem melt intelligently, openly, study networkedlyA、elligent research of the numerical control systemMainly showing in the following aspects: It is intelligent in order to pursue theefficiency of processing and process quality, the self-adaptation to the processingcourse is controlled, the craft parameter produces research automatically; Join theconvenient one in order to improve the performance of urging and use intelligently, tothe feedback control , adaptive operation , discerning automatically load selectsmodels automatically , since carries on research whole definitely ,etc. of the electricalmachinery parameter; There are such research of the respect as intelligent automaticprogramming , intelligent man-machine interface , intelligence diagnosing , intelligentmonitoring ,etc.B、 The numerical control system melts and studies openMainly showing in the following aspects: The development of the numericalcontrol system is on unified operation platform, face the lathe producer and supportfinally, through changing, increasing or cutting out the structure target(numericalcontrol target ), form the seriation, and can use users specially conveniently and thetechnical know-how is integrated in the control system, realize the open numericalcontrol system of different variety , different grade fast, form leading brand products- 3 -with distinct distinction. System structure norm of the open numerical control systemat present, norm , disposing the norm , operation platform , numerical controlsystematic function storehouse and numerical control systematic function softwaredeveloping instrument ,etc. are the core of present research to pass through.C、Meeting the manufacture system of the production line , demand for theinformation integration of the manufacturing company networkedly greatly ofnumerical control equipment, it is a basic unit of realizing the new manufacture modetoo.2、Classification of the machining center（1）Process according to main shaft space position when it classifies to beas follows, horizontal and vertical machining center.Horizontal machining center, refer to the machining center that the axis level ofthe main shaft is set up . Horizontal machining center for 3-5 sport coordinate axis, acommon one three rectilinear motion coordinate axis and one turn the coordinate axisof sports round (turn the workingbench round), it can one is it is it finish other 4 Taxiprocessing besides installing surfaces and top surfaces to insert to install in work piece,most suitable for processing the case body work piece . Compared with strength typemachining center it, the structure is complicated, the floor space is large, quality islarge, the price is high.Vertical machining center, the axis of the main shaft of the vertical machiningcenter, in order to set up vertically, its structure is mostly the regular post type, theworkingbench is suitable for processing parts for the slippery one of cross, have 3rectilinear motion coordinate axis generally , can find a room for one horizontalnumerical control revolving stage (the 4th axle ) of axle process the spiral part atworkingbench. The vertical machining center is of simple structure, the floor space issmall, the price is low, after allocating various kinds of enclosures , can carry on theprocessing of most work pieces .Large-scale gantry machining center, the main shafts are mostly set up vertically,is especially used in the large-scale or with complicated form work piece , is it spendthe many coordinate gantry machining center to need like aviation , aerospace- 4 -industry , some processing of part of large-scale steam turbine.Five machining centers, this kind of machining center has function of thevertical and horizontal machining center, one is it after inserting , can finish all fiveTaxi processing besides installing the surface to install in work piece, the processingway can make form of work piece error lowest , save 2 times install and insertworking, thus improve production efficiency , reduce the process cost.(2)Classify by craft useIs it mill machining center to bore, is it mill for vertical door frame machiningcenter , horizontal door frame mill the machining center and Longmen door framemill the machining center to divide into. Processing technology its rely mainly on thefact that the door frame is milled, used in case body, shell and various kinds ofcomplicated part special curve and large processes , curved surface of outline process,suitable for many varieties to produce in batches small.Complex machining center, point five times and compound and process mainly,the main shaft head can be turned round automatically, stand, lie and process, after themain shaft is turned round automatically, realize knowing that varies in the horizontaland vertical direction.(3)Classify by special functionSingle workingbench , a pair of workingbench machining center;Single axle , dual axle , three axle can change machining center , main shaft ofcase;Transfer vertically to the tower machining center and transfer ;One hundred sheets of storehouses adds the main shaft and changes one onehundred sheets of machining centers;One hundred sheets of storehouses connects and writes hands to add the mainshaft and change one hundred sheets of machining centers;One hundred sheets of storehouses adds the manipulator and adds one pair ofmain shafts to transfer to the tower machining center.3、Development trend of the current numerical control latheAt present, the advanced manufacturing technology in the world is rising- 5 -constantly, such application of technology as ultrafast cutting , ultraprecisionprocessing ,etc., the rapid development of the flexible manufacturing system andintegrated system of the computer one is constant and ripe, have put forward higherdemand to the process technology of numerical control. Nowadays the numericalcontrol lathe is being developed in several following directions.（1）. The speed and precision at a high speed , high accuracy are two importantindexes of the numerical control lathe , it concerns directly that processes efficiencyand product quality. At present, numerical control system adopt-figure number,frequency high processor, in order to raise basic operation speed of system.Meanwhile , adopt the super large-scale integrated circuit and many microprocessorsstructure, in order to improve systematic data processing ability , namely improve andinsert the speed and precision of mending operation. Adopt the straight line motor andurge the straight line of the lathe workingbench to be servo to enter to the way directly,it is quite superior that its responds the characteristic at a high speed and dynamically.Adopt feedforward control technology , make it lag behind error reduce greatly , thusimprove the machining accuracy cut in corner not to track.For meet ultrafast demand that process, numerical control lathe adopt mainshaft motor and lathe structure form that main shaft unite two into one, realizefrequency conversion motor and lathe main shaft integrate , bearing , main shaft ofelectrical machinery adopt magnetism float the bearing , liquid sound pigeonhole suchforms as the bearing or the ceramic rolling bearing ,etc. At present, ceramic cutterand diamond coating cutter have already begun to get application.（ 2 ） . Multi-functional to is it change all kinds of machining centers oforganization (a of capacity of storehouse can up to 100 of the above ) automatically tofurnished with, can realize milling paring , boring and pares , bores such many kindsof processes as paring , turning , reaming , reaming , attacking whorl ,etc. to processat the same time on the same lathe , modern numerical control lathe adopt many mainshaft , polyhedron cut also , carry on different cutting of way process to one differentposition of part at the same time. The numerical control system has because adoptedmany CPU structure and cuts off the control method in grades, can work out part- 6 -processing and procedure at the same time on a lathe , realize so-called the frontdesk processes , the backstage supporter is an editor . In order to meet the needs ofintegrating the systematic one in flexible manufacturing system and computer,numerical control system have remote serial interface , can network , realize datacommunication , numerical control of lathe, can control many numerical controllathes directly too.（3）. Intelligent modern numerical control lathe introduce the adaptive controltechnology, according to cutting the change of the condition, automatic workingparameter, make the processing course can keep the best working state , thus get thehigher machining accuracy and roughness of smaller surface , can improve the servicelife of the cutter and production efficiency of the equipment at the same time .Diagnose by oneself , repair the function by oneself, among the whole working state,the system is diagnosed, checked by oneself to CNC system and various kinds ofequipment linking to each other with it at any time. While breaking down , adopt themeasure of shutting down etc. immediately , carry on the fault alarm, brief onposition , reason to break down ,etc. Can also make trouble module person who takeoff automatically , put through reserve module , so as to ensure nobody demand ofworkingenvironment.For realize hightrouble diagnosethat requires,itsdevelopment trend adopts the artificial intelligence expert to diagnose the system.（4）. Numerical control programming automation with the development ofapplication technology of the computer, CAD/CAM figure interactive automaticprogramming has already get more application at present, it is a new trend of thetechnical development of numerical control. It utilize part that CAD draw processpattern , is it calculate the trailing punishing to go on by cutter orbit data of computerand then, thus produce NC part and process the procedure automatically, in order torealize the integration of CAD and CAM. With the development of CIMS technology ,the full-automatic programming way in which CAD/CAPP/CAM integrates hasappeared again at present, it, and CAD/CAM systematic programming greatdifference their programming necessary processing technology parameter neednt byartificial to participate in most, get from CAPP database in system directly.- 7 -（5）. The dependability of the dependability maximization numerical controllathe has been the major indicator that users cared about most all the time . Thenumerical control system will adopt the circuit chip of higher integrated level , willutilize the extensive or super large-scale special-purpose and composite integratedcircuit, in order to reduce the quantity of the components and parts , to improvedependability . Through the function software of the hardware, in order to meetvarious kinds of demands for controlling the function, adopt the module ,standardization , universalization and seriation of the structure lathe noumenonn ofthe hardware at the same time , make not only improve the production lot of thehardware but also easy to is it produce to organize and quality check on. Still throughoperating and starting many kinds of diagnostic programs of diagnosing , diagnosing ,diagnosing off-line online etc. automatically, realize that diagnoses and reports to thepolice the trouble to hardware , software and various kinds of outside equipment inthe system. Utilize the warning suggestion, fix a breakdown in time; Utilizefault-tolerant technology, adopt and design the important part redundantly , in orderto realize the trouble resumes by oneself; Utilize various kinds of test , controltechnology , exceed Cheng , one one hundred sheets of damages , interfering , cuttingout ,etc. at the time of various kinds of accidents as production, carry oncorresponding protection automatically.（6）. Control system miniaturization systematic miniaturization of numericalcontrol benefit and combine the machine , electric device for an organic whole. Adoptthe super large-scale integrated component , multi-layer printed circuit board mainlyat present, adopt the three-dimensional installation method , make the electronicdevices and components must use the high density to install, narrow systematicoccupying the space on a larger scale. And utilize the new-type slim display ofcolored liquid crystal to substitute the traditional cathode ray tube, will make theoperating system of numerical control miniaturize further. So can install it on themachine tool conveniently, benefit the operation of the numerical control lathecorrectly even more.