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研究生公共英語閱讀練習1-2 1 The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgment as to their competitors’ role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh Ⅱ and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple’s major competitors. Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible（兼容的）programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufacturers’ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM software is Apple’s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories（附件）to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing. The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers. Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics（圖形）, whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies’ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies. 1. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced the Mackintosh Ⅱ and the Mackintosh SE because __________. A) IBM is changing its computer models continuously B) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific uses C) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer market D) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example 2. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by __________. A) making its new models capable of running IBM software B) improving the color graphics of its new models C) copying the marketing strategies of IBM D) giving the customers what they want 3. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because __________. A) they have new features and functions B) they are more sophisticated than other models C) they have new accessories attached D) it wants to accumulate funds for future research 4. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by __________. A) copying each other’s technology B) incorporating features that make their products distinctive C) making their computers more expensive D) making their computers run much faster 5.The best title for the passage would be __________. A) Apple’s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBM B) Apple’s New Computer Technology C) Apple’s New personal Computers D) Apple’s Research Activities 參考答案：CADBA 2 You are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need; let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are resorting to outright deception（欺騙）like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from prestige schools. A job applicant many have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known college say they deal with fraudulent claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. Then, if it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One League school calls them “impostors”: another refers to them as “special cases”. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by “no such people”. To avoid outright lies, some job-seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with” a college or university. After carefully checking, personnel officer may discover that “attending” means flunking out after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. “Smoot State University”. The prices increases rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper. 1. The main idea of this passage is that __________. A) employers are checking more closely on applicants now B) lying about college credentials（證件）has become a widespread problem C) bogus（偽造的）college degrees can now be purchased through the mail D) employers are no longer impressed by college degrees because they can’t be sure they’re authentic 2. According to the passage, “special cases” (Para. 3, Line 3) refers to __________. A) students who attended a school only part-time B) students who never attended a school they listed on their application C) students who attended a prestigious school as temporary students D) students who purchase phony degrees from commercial firms 3. We can conclude from the passage that __________. A) performance is a better judge of ability than is a college degree B) experience is the best teacher C) a degree from a prestigious school gives an applicant the “edge” in job competition D) past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do 4. The passage suggests that __________. A) buying a bogus degree is immoral B) personnel officers only consider applicants from prestigious schools C) most people lie on applications because they failed out of college D) society is largely responsible for the practice of lying on applications 5. As used in this passage, the word “fraudulent” (Para. 2, Line 5) means __________. A) actual B) delicate C) deceptive D) copied 參考答案：BBCDC