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走向高考 · 英語(yǔ),路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),寫作素能培養(yǎng),第三部分,第四講 熟悉三大復(fù)合句式， 復(fù)合句式變得更實(shí)用,第二部分,復(fù)合句包括名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)，定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。 一、定語(yǔ)從句 [經(jīng)典例句] ①You know，my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting. 你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市參加一個(gè)國(guó)際會(huì)議。,②I often think about the times when I have felt hurt and insulted by rude marks from strangers and sometimes even from acquaintances. 我經(jīng)常想起被陌生人的言語(yǔ)傷害和侮辱的時(shí)候，甚至有時(shí)是來(lái)自熟悉的人。 ③A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor. 沒經(jīng)歷過(guò)暴風(fēng)雨的水手永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。,④I would visit some museums which should not be missed to widen my horizons as well as enrich my knowledge. 我總是會(huì)參觀一些博物館，這些博物館對(duì)于拓寬視野、豐富知識(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)是不應(yīng)錯(cuò)過(guò)的。,[寫法指導(dǎo)] 定語(yǔ)從句是比較難掌握而又是學(xué)生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)雜句，因此在寫作時(shí)可采用“三步法”： 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 第二步：在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯，這個(gè)詞在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中都有。 第三步：把另一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句改成定語(yǔ)從句，要特別注意引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。,示例 人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個(gè)節(jié)日的特殊食品。 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 ①People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes. ②They are the special food for the festival. 第二步：在句①中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯：moon cakes。 第三步：用句②充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句，moon cakes為先行詞指物，句②中的they指代moon cakes且在句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes，which are the special food for this festival.,Ⅰ.把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 1．I've always longed for the days.I will be able to be independent then. _________________________________________________ 2．I have a friend.Her father is an engineer. _________________________________________________ 3．They planted the trees.The trees didn't need much water. _________________________________________________,4．This is the best method.It can be used against pollution. _________________________________________________ 5．They sent the elderly some fruits，cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.The elderly always feel lonely. _________________________________________________,答案：1.I've always longed for the days when I will be able to be independent. 2．I have a friend whose father is an engineer. 3．They planted the trees that/which didn't need much water. 4．This is the best method that can be used against pollution. 5．They sent the elderly who always feel lonely some fruits，cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.,Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空 1．Those __________ do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society. 2．__________ we all know，cleaning streets is one of the hardest work. 3．My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud，__________ they think will help improve my memory.,4．I will never forget the days __________ we worked in the small town. 5．She was educated at Beijing University，after __________ she went to have her advanced study abroad. 答案：1.who 2.As 3.which 4.when 5.which,二、名詞性從句 [經(jīng)典例句] ①I think that it's our duty to help parents do some housework. 我認(rèn)為幫助父母做家務(wù)是我們的職責(zé)。(賓語(yǔ)從句) ②I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father. 我為自己在爸爸不在家時(shí)的表現(xiàn)感到自豪。(賓語(yǔ)從句) ③There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，那里的孩子急需關(guān)愛和幫助。(同位語(yǔ)從句),④What interests me most is literary books，especially those by famous writers. 我最感興趣的是文學(xué)書，尤其是由著名作家寫的。(主語(yǔ)從句) ⑤My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart，and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. 我的英語(yǔ)還不錯(cuò)，學(xué)習(xí)中最主要的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是我感覺記單詞難，而且說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)經(jīng)常感到緊張。(表語(yǔ)從句),[寫法指導(dǎo)] 名詞性從句的寫法和定語(yǔ)從句一樣，名詞性從句也是學(xué)生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)雜句，在寫作時(shí)同樣可采用“三步法”： 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 第二步：讓一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句作從句，要注意和另一個(gè)句子的關(guān)聯(lián)性。 第三步：把兩個(gè)句子合成復(fù)合句，要特別注意關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇和從句的語(yǔ)序。,示例 (2013·湖南卷書面表達(dá))一天，她聽到要舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的消息。 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 ①One day，he heard the news. ②The sports meeting would be held. 第二步：讓句①作主句，即主句為：One day，he heard the news. 第三步：把句②作同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋news的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺少成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。 One day，she heard the news that the sports meeting would be held.,Ⅰ.把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)含有名詞性從句的復(fù)合句。 1．When did you enter the room？The police wants to know it. _________________________________________________ 2．This is my decision.All of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning. _________________________________________________,3．Our women volleyball team had won the championship.The news encouraged us all greatly. _________________________________________________ 4．We should practise oral English for an hour every day.That was our rule. _________________________________________________ 5．Shall we go picnicking tomorrow？It depends on the weather. _________________________________________________,答案：1.The police wants to know when you entered the room. 2．My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning. 3．The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 4．We made it a rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 5．Whether we shall go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather.,Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞填空 1．I am wondering __________ you can help me sell some. 2．By the way，do you know __________ they stand for? 3．I sincerely hope that you will give me a chance and please believe __________ I will be a good vice president. 4．Personally speaking，I don't think __________ these parents do is helpful to their children. 5．I know that it is __________ I don't spend much time memorizing them after class. 答案：1.whether/if 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.because,三、it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的高級(jí)句型 1．it作形式主語(yǔ)的常用句型 ①It＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/ wrong/important/certain等)＋that. ②It＋be＋名詞(短語(yǔ))(a pity/a shame/no wonder/one's desire等)＋that. ③It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that. ④It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seems，appears，happens，matters)＋that. ⑤It doesn't matter who/whether/if.,It's our desire that you should provide some money to fund our program，as well as offer us some practical suggestions. 我們渴望你能為我們的項(xiàng)目提供一些資金，還能提供一些實(shí)用的建議。 It's reported that about 30 volunteers who are at least 18 years old will be chosen from all over the world to the Mars by the year of 2015. 據(jù)報(bào)道，大約30名至少18歲的志愿者將從世界各地被選出來(lái)于2015年前奔赴火星。,2．it作形式賓語(yǔ)的常用句型 ①動(dòng)詞 find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。 ②有些動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，需要在賓語(yǔ)從句前加it，這類動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))主要有：hate，like，owe，enjoy，appreciate，see to，rely on等。,I would appreciate it if you could sell the knots for 10 dollars each. 如果你們能以每個(gè)10美元的價(jià)格賣這些中國(guó)結(jié)，我將不勝感激。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我認(rèn)為我們每天喝大量的開水是必要的。,用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)翻譯句子。 1．他來(lái)不來(lái)參加這個(gè)會(huì)議無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 _________________________________________________ 2．你錯(cuò)過(guò)了一場(chǎng)這么好的報(bào)告真是可惜。 _________________________________________________ 3．如果你能教我如何用電腦，我將不勝感激。 _________________________________________________,答案：1.It doesn't matter whether he comes to the meeting or not. 2．It is a pity that you missed such a good lecture. 3．I'd appreciate it if you could teach me how to use the computer.,四、狀語(yǔ)從句的寫法 熟記幾個(gè)常用連詞,①When it comes to a choice，I prefer to go traveling. 當(dāng)談及選擇時(shí)，我寧愿去旅游。 ②I went on with my work until I finished washing all the clothes. 我繼續(xù)工作，直到把所有的衣服洗完。 ③Whenever he didn't perform well in his studies，she would blame him bitterly，expressing her disappointment in him. 每當(dāng)他學(xué)習(xí)不好的時(shí)候，她總會(huì)訓(xùn)斥他，表達(dá)對(duì)他的失望。,④If it is convenient for you，can you pick him up at the airport at 11∶30 am? 如果方便的話，你可以在上午11點(diǎn)半到機(jī)場(chǎng)去接他嗎？ ⑤Although cleaning street is no more than an ordinary job，it contributes to the society. 盡管清掃大街只是一個(gè)非常普通的工作，但卻對(duì)社會(huì)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。,⑥Whatever the result is，we should accept it with a smile，because we have tried our best. 無(wú)論結(jié)果怎樣，我們都要微笑著接受，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)盡了全力。 ⑦However，some students were so tired that they couldn't move any more，so they fell behind. 可是，一些學(xué)生累得走不動(dòng)了，因此他們被落在了后面。,用狀語(yǔ)從句完成句子 1．當(dāng)我還是個(gè)小孩的時(shí)候，就對(duì)未來(lái)充滿了幻想。 ______________________________，I had many fancy dreams about the future. 2．他們走了30英里才看見一個(gè)村莊。 They walked about 30 miles ______________________. 3．盡管因特網(wǎng)有很大幫助，但我認(rèn)為花太多的時(shí)間在上面不是好主意。 ________________________________，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.,4．只要你堅(jiān)持下去，就一定會(huì)成功。 __________________________，you will surely succeed. 5．如果我們繼續(xù)污染環(huán)境，地球?qū)⒉辉龠m合人類居住。 ______________________________，the world won't be fit for us to live in. 6．戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)過(guò)后，在原來(lái)曾經(jīng)是劇院的地方建起了新的教學(xué)樓。 __________________，a new school building was put up _______________________________.,答案：1.When I was still a little boy 2．before they saw a village 3．Although/Though the Internet is of great help 4．As long as you keep on trying 5．If we go on polluting the environment 6．After the war；where there had once been a theatre,