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晨練時刻,,,句型品味,1．Man and nature are interactive. Sure, people can live in harmony with nature. 2．Technology has both positive and negative effects on natural environment. 3．Disappearing forests, drying rivers, polluted soil and worsening climate have punished human beings. 4．Preserving nature is not only preserving our home, but the civilization of human community as well.,晨練時刻,,,句型品味,5.It is found that warmer weather is causing many kinds of wildlife to leave their native environments. 6．Many wild animals are in danger of extinction, because the environment they are used to living in has changed greatly. 7．People hunt and kill wild animals for many reasons, one of which is for their valuable furs. 8．Only if we human beings take some measures can wild animals be protected.,晨練時刻,,,句型品味,9．No hunting is permitted here. 10．The new study shows a twenty percent decrease of antelope(羚羊)over the past thirty years.,晨練時刻,,,典例朗讀,“神州七號”的成功發(fā)射引起了人們對太空探索話題的激烈爭論。請你以“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Space Exploration”為題寫一篇英語短文，闡述表格中的兩種觀點，并簡要地談談你個人的看法。,晨練時刻,,,典例朗讀,注意： 1．短文必須包括所列內容，但不要逐字逐句翻譯。 2．詞數120左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,晨練時刻,,,典例朗讀,One possible version： The Advantages and Disadvantages of Space Exploration There are several advantages of space exploration. First of all, it could provide new places to live in for human beings. And it is likely that new energy sources will be discovered. In addition, space exploration helps people understand the universe better, which benefits research in other fields.,晨練時刻,,,典例朗讀,However, the disadvantages are obvious. Firstly, space exploration costs too much while the money could be spent on other projects. Secondly，the idea of human beings living on other planets seems unrealistic. What’s more, space exploration could be dangerous.,Unit 19 Language 語 言,考綱知識預覽,重點單詞,1． n. 不存在；缺乏→ adj. 缺席的，不在場的；心不在焉的 2． vt. 達到；獲得→ n. 獲得；實現 3． vt. 環(huán)繞，圍繞→ adj. 附近的，周圍的→ n. 環(huán)境；周圍的事物 4． adj. 足夠的，充分的→ adv. 足夠地；充分地→ n. 足夠，勝任,adequately,absence,absent,attain,attainment,surround,surrounding,adequate,adequacy,surroundings,考綱知識預覽,5． vt. 確保，保證→ (同義詞) 6． vt. 調節(jié)；調整→ n. 調整，校正→ adj. 可調節(jié)的 7． vt. 告知；通知→ n. 通知；消息 8． vt. 祝賀→ n. 祝賀 9． adj. 不知不覺的；無意的→ adj. (反義詞)意識到；注意到→ adv. 無意識地,ensure,insure,adjust,adjustment,adjustable,inform,information,congratulate,congratulation,unconscious,conscious,unconsciously,考綱知識預覽,10． vt. 像；與……相似→ n. 類似，相似 11． vt. 談判；協商→ n. 談判，協商 12． n. 冒犯；得罪→ v．冒犯→ adj. 冒犯的，令人難堪的 13． n. 贊成；贊許→ v. 贊同，贊許→ adj. 批準的，核準的，認可的→ adj. 贊同的，贊許的,resemble,negotiation,negotiate,resemblance,offence,offend,offensive,approval,approve,approved,approving,考綱知識預覽,14． n．申請人→ v. 申請；適用→ n. 申請 15． vt.使窘迫→ adj. 難堪的，尷尬的,applicant,apply,application,embarrass,embarrassed,考綱知識預覽,1． 取得成功 2． 以……的形式出現(存在) 3． 學會 4． 很久；很長時間 5． 由……組成 6． 不管，不顧 7． 如果；條件是,高頻短語,get ahead,take the form of,catch on,for ages,consist of,regardless of,provided that,考綱知識預覽,8． 我肯定 9． 與……有聯系 10． 突出；出色；堅持抵抗 11． 記住 12． 故意地,I bet,be associated with,stand out,keep.in mind,on purpose,考綱知識預覽,1． as early as the 1700s English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在十八世紀人們就預言英語有朝一日會成為全球性的語言，而這一點在過去的幾十年里已得到了應驗。,常考句型,It was predicted that,that,考綱知識預覽,2．This can reading and listening materials which must . 它可以以閱讀和聽力材料的形式存在，但這些材料必須具有最高的質量。,take the form of,highest quality,be of the,考綱知識預覽,3．Quality input ensures quality output， . 無論是口語還是寫作，高質量的輸入才能保證高質量的輸出。 4．. you say that there is a discount I pay in advance. ……你說如果我提前付款，可以打折。,whether it is speaking or writing,provided that,考綱知識預覽,5． in Shakespeare’s lifetime English began to spread around the world. 正是在莎士比亞時期，英語才開始傳播到世界各地。,It was,that,名師一線講壇,1. absence n． 不存在，缺乏；缺席 absent adj. 不在的，缺席的 absence of mind 心不在焉 in the absence of sb.（=in one’s absence）某人不在時 in the absence of.因為沒有……；缺乏…… absence of information 缺乏信息 absence from school 缺課 be absent from. 不參加；缺席,名師一線講壇,Caroline will be in charge of the office during my absence. 我不在的時候，辦公室由卡羅琳負責。(朗文P5) We were worried by the absence of definite figures in the report.報告里缺少具體數字，這使我們擔心。(朗文P5),名師一線講壇,In the absence of any further evidence the police were unable to solve the murder. 由于缺乏更確實的證據，警方破不了這宗謀殺案。(朗文P5) How many students are absent from class today? 今天有多少學生缺席？(朗文P5),名師一線講壇,1．Never speak ill of someone______.It’s bad manners ______. A．in his absence; to do so B．when he is absent; doing so C．during his away; to do so D．while he is away; doing so,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A。表示“某人不在或缺席”時，用in one’s absence或用時間狀語從句when/while he is away/absent均可。但后半句的結構只能用不定式作真正的主語，不能用動名詞。故兩空選擇均正確的只有A項。,名師一線講壇,2. surround vt. 環(huán)繞，圍繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的 surroundings n．(pl.) 環(huán)境 be surrounded with/by.被……環(huán)繞/包圍 in a surrounding area 在周圍地區(qū) be situated/located in very pleasant surroundings 位于優(yōu)美的環(huán)境中,名師一線講壇,She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books. 她坐在地板上，周圍都是書。(朗文P1555) The police surrounded the house. 警察包圍了這所房子。(朗文P1556) The lake is surrounded by trees. 湖邊樹木環(huán)繞。 The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings. 那所房子所處的環(huán)境非常優(yōu)美。(朗文P1556),名師一線講壇,2．A child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied________. A．places of interest B．surroundings C．surrounding D．customs,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選B?？疾樵~語辨析。句意：生活在枯燥乏味的環(huán)境下的孩子的智力遠趕不上生活在豐富多變的環(huán)境下的孩子。places of interest 名勝；surroundings 環(huán)境；surrounding為形容詞，周圍的；customs 海關。故B項符合題意。,名師一線講壇,3．When Mr. Brown got off the train, he found himself________by his students. A．surround B．to surround C．surrounding D．surrounded 解析：選D?？疾閟urround 的非謂語形式。句意：當布朗先生下火車時，他發(fā)現自己被學生們包圍著。賓語補足語和賓語之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞，即D項正確。,名師一線講壇,3. adequate adj. 足夠的；充分的；恰當的；符合要求的；能勝任的 （1）be adequate for sb./sth. 對……足夠 be adequate to do sth. 足以做…… （2）adequacy n.足夠；適當；勝任,名師一線講壇,The space available is not adequate for our needs. 現有的空間不能滿足我們的需要。 The adequacy of the security arrangements has been questioned. 有人質疑安全措施是否完備。,名師一線講壇,adequate，enough，sufficient，ample (1)adequate表示足夠的程度比后三者低，表示“剛夠；剛好”，有不多不少正合適的意思。 “足夠”的程度：,比較網站,名師一線講壇,(2)它們都可用在名詞之前表示數量。例如： We had adequate/enough/sufficient/ample money for the journey.我們有足夠的錢去旅行。 另外，如果僅談論數量，不要用adequate，因為它表示“足夠好的；符合要求的；能勝任的”意思 ，以免造成歧義。,名師一線講壇,These reasons are not sufficient to justify the ban. 這些理由不足以證明實施禁令有理。(牛津P1766) There was ample time to get to the airport. 有足夠的時間到達機場。 He didn’t give an adequate answer to the question. 他沒有對這個問題作出滿意的答復。(牛津P20),名師一線講壇,4．Considering he is ________for the job，we hired him. A．adequate B．sufficient C．abundant D．enough,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。adequate 足夠的，充分的，符合要求的，可以勝任的；sufficient (數量/質量)令人滿意的，適當的，充分的，足夠的；abundant 大量的，豐富的；enough 足夠的。句意：考慮到他能勝任這項工作，我們雇用了他。根據句意選A。,名師一線講壇,4. ensure vt. 確保，保證 ensure success/safety 保證成功/安全 ensure sb. sth.確保/保證某人（得到）某物 ensure sb. from/against sth.保護某人免受某物的傷害 ensure that.=make sure that.確保/保證…… The book ensured his success. 這本書保證了他的成功。 The book ensured his success. 這本書保證了他的成功。,名師一線講壇,ensure，assure，guarantee (1)ensure 指確保某種行動或動機的結果一定會發(fā)生。 (2)assure 指以十分肯定的語氣向別人保證某事一定發(fā)生。其賓語通常為人，常用結構為“assure sb.of sth.”。 (3)guarantee 強調保證品質、服務和信譽等。,比較網站,名師一線講壇,We were assured that everything possible was being done. 我們確信是在盡一切努力。(牛津P88) Please ensure(that) all lights are switched off. 請務必將所有的燈都關掉。(牛津P568) He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. 他向我保證這種事絕不會再發(fā)生。(牛津P778),名師一線講壇,5．We should________ourselves against all possible risks. A．make B．be sure C．prevent D．ensure 解析：選D。ensure sb. against sth.保護某人免受……。,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,5. adjust vt. 調節(jié)；調整；適應 adjustment n． 調節(jié)；調整 adjust sth.整理/整頓/安排某物/某事 adjust sth./oneself to sth.使……適應新環(huán)境等,名師一線講壇,She will have to adjust herself to new conditions. 她將必須使自己能適應新的環(huán)境。 The TV set needs an adjustment. 這臺電視機需要調整。,名師一線講壇,6．You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly______ to your sight. A．adapted B．adopted C．adjusted D．added 解析：選C。四個詞極易混淆：adapt表示“使適應”；adopt表示“采用；收養(yǎng)”；add表示“增加”，均不符合語境中的“望遠鏡被調整好了”。,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,6. inform vt. 告知；通知 information n． 信息；消息 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 keep sb.informed of sth.讓某人知道某事 a piece of information 一則消息,名師一線講壇,Have you informed the company of your wish to leave it? 你告訴公司你想離開的想法了嗎？ Keep me informed of fresh development. 隨時告訴我新的發(fā)展。 He is a wellinformed man. 他是個消息靈通的人。,名師一線講壇,7．The president promised to keep all the board members ______of how the negotiations were going on. A．informed B．inform C．be informed D．informing,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A。根據句式結構，此空格處應作為all the board members的賓語補足語出現；根據句意，inform與all the board members之間應構成邏輯上的動賓關系，故應選擇過去分詞。,名師一線講壇,7. resemble vt. 像；與……相似 resemble sb./sth.in sth.在某方面與某人/某物相似 【注意】resemble 不可用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)。 She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. 她和她的姐姐外貌相似，性格卻不同。 They resemble each other in shape but not in colour. 它們的形狀相似，但顏色不同。,名師一線講壇,be similar to sb. in sth.與某人在某方面相似 be the same as sb. in sth.與某人在某方面一樣 have sth. in common with sb./sth.與……有共同之處 be/look like 看起來像,思維拓展,名師一線講壇,8．句型轉換 Some writers try to resemble Mark Twain in writing style. Some writers try to__________________Mark Twain in writing style. 答案：be similar to,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,單項填空 —I think the result of the exam is________. Please check it up! — It’s________. I have checked it up many times. A．correct B．correctly C．incorrect D．correction 答案：C；A,單詞巧記,名師一線講壇,歸納與比較：in＋adj.構成反義詞,名師一線講壇,【經典案例】 Some of the houses on the hillside are________to cars. A．informal B．impossible C．inconvenient D．inadequate 【解析】 考查詞義辨析。C表示“不方便的”；A表示“非正式的”；B表示“不可能的”；D表示“不充分的”。根據句意可知應選C。 【答案】 C,名師一線講壇,8. catch on 學會；理解；變得流行；掛住 catch on (to sth.)理解；學會 catch hold of抓住 catch up（with sb./sth.）趕上 catch sb. doing sth.發(fā)現某人做某事 catch sight of看見 catch one’s attention/eye吸引某人,名師一線講壇,It was a popular style in Britain,but it never really caught on in America. 當時在英國這是時髦式樣，但在美國卻從來沒有真正流行開。（朗文P215） I suddenly caught sight of her in the crowd. 我突然在人群中看見了她。（朗文P215） You walk on and I’ll catch up with you later/ I’ll catch you up later.你往前走吧，我過一會兒就追上你。（朗文P215）,名師一線講壇,9.It was a long time before the police what he was really doing. A.caught hold of B.caught on C.caught on to D.caught at 解析：選C。catch on to sth.=understand sth.理解，明白……。,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,9. stand out 顯眼；突出；出色 stand by 袖手旁觀 stand by sb./sth. 支持某人/仍然遵守諾言或協議等 stand for 代表；支持；主張 stand up 站起；站得住腳 stand up for 擁護；支持,名師一線講壇,高效記憶,名師一線講壇,The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand out well. 新路標容易辨認，上面的字很醒目。(朗文P1498) She still stands by every word she said. 她依舊恪守她說過的每一句話。(牛津P1714) Always stand up for your friends. 任何時候都要支持自己的朋友。,名師一線講壇,10．In the event he performed so well that he________among so many competitors. A．stood for B．stood by C．stood up D．stood out 解析：選D。句意：在比賽中他表現很好，所以在眾多競爭者中脫穎而出。根據句意選D。,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,10. be associated with. 與……相關聯 associate with sb.與某人交往或常打交道 associate sb./sth. with 把某人/某物與……聯系起來 in association with 和……一起，與……合作,名師一線講壇,The scientist decided he didn’t want to be associated with the project, and left. 這個科學家決定不愿與這個計劃有任何瓜葛，因而離開了。(朗文P72) I associate summer with holidays. 我總把夏季與休假聯想在一起。(朗文P72) The military regime dealt ruthlessly with anyone who was associated with the former government.,名師一線講壇,軍政府無情地處置任何與前政府有交往的人。(朗文P72) The council is working in association with the police on this. 對于這件事，地方議會正同警方進行協作。(朗文P72),名師一線講壇,11．Many graduates are working on occupations________farming now. A．close associate with B．close associated with C．closely associated with D．closely associate with,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選C?？疾閍ssociate 的非謂語動詞形式及close 與closely 的用法區(qū)別。句意：目前很多大學畢業(yè)生正在從事與農耕緊密相關的職業(yè)。首先從are working.可以推斷出空格處為非謂語形式，故排除A、D兩項。又close作副詞用，意為“靠近地(指場所上靠近)”；closely表“緊密地，密切地”，故選C。,名師一線講壇,11. on purpose 故意地 on purpose=deliberately 故意地 with the purpose of 懷有……的目的 for the purpose of 為了……的目的 by accident=by chance=accidently 偶然地,名師一線講壇,I came here on purpose to see you. 我特意來這兒看你。 I wouldn’t go shopping for/with the mere purpose of buying a pair of socks. 我不會只為買一雙襪子而去購物。 A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer.為任命新司庫而召開了一次會議。,名師一線講壇,12．I came here for nothing else but to see you ________. A．purpose B．propose C．to the purpose D．on purpose,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,解析：選D。句意：我來不為別的而是專程來看你的。on purpose 相當于purposely特意地，故意地；to the purpose 中肯的，合適的，得要領的；propose提議，求婚。,名師一線講壇,12.【教材原句】 This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 它可以以閱讀和聽力材料的形式存在，但這些材料必須具有最高的質量。 【句法分析】 of the highest quality屬“of＋抽象名詞”結構，常在句中作表語。這樣的抽象名詞包含兩類：,名師一線講壇,(1)“of＋抽象名詞”可轉化為相應的形容詞。 這類名詞有value，use，importance，help，interest，benefit，honour，courage，fame，ability，nature，beauty，wealth等。它們可用no，some，any，little，much，great等詞修飾。 This question is of importance.＝This question is important. 這個問題很重要。,名師一線講壇,Each hour，each minute，each second is of great value for us. ＝Each hour，each minute，each second is very valuable for us. 每小時、每分鐘、每一秒對我們都很寶貴。 This dictionary is of no help to English beginners. ＝This dictionary is not helpful to English beginners. 這本詞典對英語初學者沒有幫助。,名師一線講壇,(2)“of＋抽象名詞”沒有相應的形容詞形式，為了表明主語的這類特征，我們只能用“be of＋抽象名詞”的形式代替“be＋形容詞”結構。 這類名詞包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，kind，price，type，shape，way等。注意，這類名詞的單復數根據具體的情況而定，也可在其前加冠詞。,名師一線講壇,The products are of first-rate quality. 這些產品的質量是一流的。 Mr.Smith，my teacher，is of the same opinion. ＝Mr.Smith，my teacher，has the same opinion. 史密斯先生，我的老師，也持同樣的觀點。 Americans are of almost all colours and races. 美國人幾乎包括各種膚色及種族。 He was of a poor peasant family. 他出身于貧農家庭。,名師一線講壇,13．The two boys are________. A．same weight and age B．of same weight and age C．the weight and age D．of the same weight and age 解析：選D。此題考查be of＋age/weight 結構，其中same前必須加the。,即時訓練,名師一線講壇,14．You’ll find this map of great ________in helping you to get round London. A．price B．cost C．value D．importance 解析：選C。此處為“be of＋抽象名詞”句型。句意：你會發(fā)現當你在倫敦旅游時這張地圖大有用處。A、B兩項不合句意，D項為不可數名詞，意為“重要性”，value為抽象名詞，意為“用處，價值”。,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,